Research On The Relationship Between Travel Ability And Age Of The Urban Elderly

With the increasing of the aging population in China,the later life quality of the elderly has gained more and more attentions.Since the daily outdoor activities play an important role in the retirement life of urban aged people,the ability to participate in daily outdoor activities directly affects the happiness in their retirement life.The ability of the elderly to overcome all kinds of obstacles in outdoor activities diminished with age,their travel behavior and daily outdoor activities are restrained.In the whole aged population,the elderly group showed a dynamic mismatch between their willingness and their travel ability.To study the travel ability of the elderly can provide a new research perspective for the elderly under the background of aging society,improve the research of the elderly travel behavior,and provide scientific basis for the development of service policy and the improvement of traffic facilities for the elderlyIn order to study the influence of the old people's travel ability on the travel behavior of the elderly in the course of their daily travel,this study uses structural equation model to construct three typical old people's daily outdoor activity model and compare the results.On this basis,according to the principle of mediating effect and mediating effect,this paper analyzes the effect of the travel ability of the elderly on the travel behavior analysis of the elderly in the different activities of daily life,and analyzes the relationship between the travel ability,age and the choice of transportation mode in detail.Under the precondition of determining the influence of travel ability on the travel behavior of the elderly,the travel behavior characteristics of the old people under different activities and the observation variables of travel ability were analyzed,and the characteristic variables of travel ability of the old people were extracted,and the index of travel ability was obtained by principal component analysis.Finally,the paper constructs the correlation model between the age and the travel ability.The main contents of this paper and the main results are as follows:1.Through the construction of three typical activities of daily life of the elderly travel behavior model,compareing with the "travel behavior ability " and no "travel behavior ability" model results,the result suggests: the elderly "travel behavior ability" is related to the meaning of the specific activities,and the impact of the elderly travel behavior ability on travel behavior is significant.This effect is mainly reflected in the elderly in the daily activities of the elderly,due to the "travel behavior ability",the elderly in the choice of transport are constrained,the scope of their daily activities narrowed,and ultimately the willingness of elderly individuals to travel is inhibited.2.Based on the analysis of the daily outdoor activities of the urban elderly,this paper analyzes the mediating effect of the travel ability in the elderly "activity-travel" analysis,and finds that the direct influence of age factors on the travel behavior of the elderly is smaller,and mainly through the travel ability indirectly affects the travel behavior of the elderly.The specific performance is as follows:(1)the total influence of age on the choice of traffic mode is negative.(2)The direct influence of age in leisure activities on the choice of traffic mode is positive,while the direct influence of shopping activity and age on the choice of traffic mode is negative influence.(3)The indirect influence of age through travel ability on the choice of traffic mode is negative,and the indirect influence is main effect.3.Through the analysis of the mediating effect in the elderly "travel ability-travel behavior",the main conclusions are as follows:(1)in the three kinds of daily activities,age as the mediator variable,the mediating effect of the elderly travel ability on traffic mode is significant.(2)In leisure activities and shopping activities,as the age increases,the influence of the old people's travel ability on the traffic mode choice is increased.(3)In the periodical medical treatment activity,when the seniors' age increase,the influence of the old people's travel ability on the traffic way choice reduces,at this time the old people's traveling ability mainly is influenced by the old person chronic disease and the limb damage.4.Through the characteristic analysis and the collinearity test of the observation variables of the old people's travel ability,the principal component analysis is used to extract the old people's travel ability index,and the local weighted regression method is used to construct the relationship between the elderly's travel ability and age.The result shows that:(1)the elderly in 60-70-year old have a higher level of travel ability.At the same time,the ravel ability showed a downward trend.(2)When the elderly are 70-75 years old,because of the catalysis of chronic diseases,the elderly's difference of travel ability,showing a variety of travel behavior characteristics.(3)The overall level of travel ability of the senior over 75 years old is low,and when age continues to increase,the travel ability of the elderly slowly and continuously decreased until the elderly individuals can not finally complete the traffic travel independently.