| With the rapid development of global economy and human society,water shortage has become serious increasingly.Especially in some regions with poor natural conditions of water resources,the sharp increase of water demand has intensified the contradiction between supply and demand on water resources,so that the water resources competition among regions,industries,urban or rural areas,economic or ecological water has happened frequently which threatened the region's peace and security.Therefore,based on the essence of water competition,this paper presented the concept and scientific connotation of water competitiveness,built water competitiveness evaluation model,and took the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as an example,analyzed the evolution rules in industrial and regional water competitiveness.The main achievements of this study are as follows:1."Water Competitiveness" Connotation Analysis.Water Competitiveness is an ability that when one water user' water demand can not be guaranteed,compared with other users,this body have the ability to get more and higher quality water to ease water shortage,safeguard the basic production and living water,promote economic operation effectively and social economy development stably.In other words,it is an ability of attraction on water resources.2.The Water Competitiveness Evaluation Model.Water Competitiveness Evaluation Model included the evaluation index calculation and Water Competitiveness Index(WCI)calculation.Evaluation index was divided into drive growth rate,rigid water demand,water use efficiency and water shortage degree.WCI was calculated by using arithmetic average and geometric average combination of those four evaluation indexes.3.The Industrial Water Competitiveness Analysis in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region.In Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the WCI among agriculture,industry,and life were 0.09,0.17 and 0.56 respectively.The strongest water competitiveness industry was life which was 6.2 over agriculture and 3.3 over industry.From 2001 to 2015,the competitiveness of domestic water increased persistently;agricultural water competitiveness ascended in general;industrial water competitiveness fluctuated.4.The Regional Water Competitiveness Analysis in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region.As for regional water competitiveness in agriculture,HanDan,CangZhou had the highest competitiveness with 0.57 and 0.52 respectively,while Beijing,ChengDe and QinHuangDao had the lowest competitiveness which were less than 0.1.As for regional water competitiveness in industry,Beijing,TianJin,TangShan were the center of water competitiveness,TianJin equiped the strongest competitiveness of 0.57.As for regional water competitiveness in domestic water,Beijing and TianJin were significantly higher than other 11 cities,WCI reached 0.56 and 0.44 respectively.As for comprehensive regional water competitiveness,TianJin got the highest values with 1.24 generally which was drived by industrial and domestic water;The WCI in Handan and ShiJiaZhuang were around 1.1 which mainly came from agricultural and industrial water,and in 2015,those two cities had became the highest regional competitiveness areas.5-The Impact Analysis of South-to-North Water Diversion Project on Water Competitiveness in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region.Compared with S0,the competitiveness of domestic water reduced by 18.5%,18.5%and 25.1%in S1,S2,S3 respectively,the competitiveness of agricultural water reduced by 8.4%,8.4%and 13.0%respectively,and industrial water competitiveness were 0 in every scheme.In the regional scale,the main competition centers which were TianJin,ShiJiaZhuang,XingTai all showed downtrend,the gap between scheme 0 and scheme 3 reduced from 1.47 to 1.12 with drop on 24%,the state on water competition in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has been relieved powerfully. |
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