Research On Traditional Knowledge Related To Biodiversity Of Zhuang Nationality

China is a multi-ethnic country blessed with mega-biodiversity.In the long-term use of biological resources,people of all ethnic groups created rich and diverse traditional knowledge.These traditional knowledge plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the protection of ecological environment,maintaining the stability of biodiversity,promoting the development of cultural diversity and so on..However,with the rapid development of the economy and society and the change of people's ideas,many traditional knowledge are being lost at an accelerated rate,and the transmission and protection of traditional knowledge are facing great challenges.The Zhuang people live in the Lingnan area of China,and create a lot of traditional knowledge in long-term production and life practice,which involves all aspects of the Zhuang people's clothing,food,housing and transportation,and fully reflects the economic,social and cultural characteristics of the Zhuang region.It is of great significance to collect,sort out and catalogue the traditional knowledge of Zhuang People in inheriting traditional knowledge,protecting traditional culture,maintaining national unity and promoting economic and social development of Zhuang nationality areas.This research investigates,organizes,and catalogs traditional knowledge related to biodiversity of Zhuang people through literature research,field surveys and interviews with key figures.Based on these,the traditional knowledge diversity index is calculated to determine the traditional knowledge diversity hot spots in Zhuang area.At the same time,9 villages in 3 representative counties(cities)were selected to conduct a comparative study of traditional vegetable resources.Combined with the actual research,from different perspectives,the characteristics of traditional knowledge associated with biodiversity of Zhuang people were analyzed,the problems faced by the traditional knowledge of Zhuang people in the process of development and inheritance were discussed,and relevant suggestions for the protection,inheritance and development of traditional knowledge were proposed,so as to provide reference for the government departments to formulate relevant policies of traditional knowledge and establish the system of traditional knowledge acquisition and benefit sharing.The main findings of this paper are:1.Traditional knowledge associated with biodiversity is very rich.This research cataloged 965 traditional knowledge entries of Zhuang People,including 391 traditional knowledge associated with the traditional breeding of agricultural genetic resources(40.52%);338 traditional medical knowledge entries(35.03%);58 traditional technical entries associated with sustainable use of biological resources(6.01%);69 traditional cultural entries associated with biodiversity(7.15%);and 109 traditional knowledge entries associated with traditional biogeographic products(11.30%).2.The hot spots of traditional knowledge of Zhuang people have been determined.According to the spatial distribution of traditional knowledge,accurately divide traditional knowledge into the 14 prefecture-level cities in Guangxi,and the traditional knowledge diversity index of each city is calculated.The western region of Guangxi is determined as the hot spot of traditional knowledge of Zhuang people.3.Combined with the actual research,this paper analyzes the characteristics of the Zhuang traditional knowledge in terms of generation,utilization and development.These characteristics are mainly reflected in:the origin of traditional knowledge is inseparable from the unique natural environment of Zhuang region;the formation of traditional knowledge benefits from the long-term production and living practices of Zhuang people;the development of traditional knowledge has an important impact on the economic and social development of the Zhuang area;the generations of inheritance of traditional knowledge is closely related to the Zhuang national culture and customs.4.Taking the traditional vegetable resources as the research object,90 farmers were selected from Jingxi city,Shanglin county and Wuxuan county to conduct case studies of traditional vegetable resources.A total of 127 traditional vegetable resources(species and farm varieties)were recorded,belonging to 37 families and 82 genera,including 74 cultivated vegetable resources(farm varieties,58.27%),53 wild vegetable resources(species,41.73%).Compare the composition and similarity of vegetable resources in the three places,as well as the utilization methods,similarity and cognition of vegetable resources among different ethnic groups.The results show that:in the long-term production practice,Zhuang farmers have successfully selected a number of vegetable varieties,and continue to use a variety of wild vegetable resources;compared with the Han farmers interviewed,Zhuang farmers use the vegetable resources in a variety of ways and more widely;the Zhuang and Han farmers interviewed believe that the introduction of new varieties is an important reason for the loss of traditional vegetable resources,the promotion of seed stations and home-grown seeds are effective ways to conserve traditional vegetable resources.However,compared with other research sites,the concept of inheriting traditional vegetable resources of Zhuang farmers in Jingxi area is relatively weak.This is because the local traditional vegetables in Jingxi are diverse and numerous.The local farmers believe that the loss of a small amount of traditional vegetable resources will not affect their normal lives,so they do not care about the preservation and inheritance of traditional vegetable resources.5.The development of traditional knowledge of Zhuang people is restricted by many factors.It mainly includes:the protection measures of traditional knowledge are not perfect;the collection and arrangement of traditional knowledge is quite difficult;the frequency of using traditional knowledge is gradually reduced;the concept of inheritance of traditional knowledge is becoming weaker.On the basis of cataloging,combined with actual cases,this paper puts forward the inheritance strategies of traditional knowledge of Zhuang people:speeding up legislation and promote the protection and development of traditional knowledge by legal means;establishing traditional knowledge database with multi participation;protecting traditional knowledge according to local conditions and policies;raising the awareness of Zhuang people to protect traditional knowledge through propaganda;digging deeply to make traditional knowledge more attractive in contemporary society.6.This study catalogs the traditional knowledge of Zhuang people for the first time,which provides basic data for the construction of Zhuang traditional knowledge database and benefit sharing.At the same time,the diversity index of traditional knowledge is proposed,and the hot spots of traditional knowledge of Zhuang people are identified,which has reference significance for the protection of traditional knowledge associated with biodiversity in the hot spots of Zhuang people.This research also studies the traditional knowledge of Zhuang people and its relevant national culture from the perspective of biological genetic resources,and puts forward proposals for the specific inheritance and protection of traditional knowledge of Zhuang people,and make suggestions for the government departments to formulate policies and establish the system of acquisition and benefit sharing.