Water Resources Utilization And Agricultural Development In Northwest China In The Qing Dynasty

Agriculture,as a basic industry supporting social and economic development,is the source of people's food,clothing and survival.Especially in ancient Chinese society,which is famous for its agricultural civilization,agriculture plays a decisive role.As the industry most closely related to the natural environment,agriculture is particularly dependent on water in the process of development.Water is the lifeblood of agricultural development in arid northwest China.Northwest China has a wide range of internal natural environment differences,and the historical development process of different regions has its own characteristics.Therefore,there are obvious differences in time and space in the way of using water resources to develop agriculture.This paper aims to explore the relationship between water resources and agricultural economic development by combing different water use methods in this region in the Qing Dynasty.The paper consists of three parts:introduction,body and conclusion.The introduction mainly describes the reasons for the topic selection and the significance of the study,combs and summarizes the academic history closely related to the content of this study,and defines the time,regional scope and the concept of agriculture of this study.The text is divided into four chapters.In the first chapter,on the basis of discussing the natural geographical environment of Northwest China,the general distribution of agriculture in the region is analyzed,and the basic situation of agriculture in Northwest China under natural precipitation is judged.On the basis of sorting out and synthesizing the unique natural conditions of different places,the differences of water resources utilization types are analyzed.The second chapter mainly combs the canal irrigation in Northwest China,and then analyses and summarizes the characteristics of water conservancy construction in different regions.This paper discusses the distribution area of water conservancy irrigation technology-water wheel and water mill in Northwest China in the Qing Dynasty,and summarizes the spatial and temporal characteristics of water conservancy irrigation in the whole Northwest China in the Qing Dynasty.The third chapter mainly introduces the water resources utilization mode of "throttling".The northwest region saves water and conserves moisture through different tillage and planting methods,especially in the Rain-fed Agricultural Distribution area,and reduces the evaporation of water as much as possible in the agricultural production process to ensure the normal growth of crops.At the same time,the introduction and further development of high-yield and drought-tolerant crops have further improved the drought resistance of crops.Chapter IV mainly discusses the development of paddy fields,the continuous reclamation of paddy fields,the population growth in Northwest China in the Qing Dynasty,the change of planting structure and the richer crop types under the policy of "opening up sources and reducing expenditure".The relationship between the utilization of water resources and the change of agricultural economy is discussed,and the regional differences between the utilization of water resources and the development of agricultural economy are also discussed.The conclusion mainly elaborates the significance of the development of farmland water conservancy in Northwest China,the environmental adaptability in the process of agricultural water use,and the use of agricultural technology in the process of agricultural production,rational arrangement of scientific methods for drought resistance and moisture conservation,and the joint promotion of agricultural development by various ways of water resources utilization.