A Study On The Poverty Targeting Of The Rural Minimum Living Standards Security Scheme In China

Since the reform and opening up,China's anti-poverty work has achieved remarkable success.The poverty incidence has dropped from 17.2% in 2010 to 5.7%in 2015.And its contribution to the world's anti-poverty work has reached as much as70%.This can be called a miracle of poverty reduction.In fact,with the development of economy and social transformation,the characteristics of poverty in China have also changed.From concentrated poverty to decentralized individual poverty,traditional development-oriented poverty alleviation faces a situation with little effect on poverty reduction.At this time,the minimum living security system was on the anti-poverty stage and assumed the institutional role of guaranteeing people's lives.“The beginning of life will be ugly.” The rural minimum living security system has encountered problems such as “leakage insurance”,“cheat insurance”,“relationship insurance”,and “breaking cliff insurance” in practice,which has seriously affected the practical effect of the minimum living guarantee system and the people's trust consciousness.This,in turn,hinders the effective and orderly implementation of anti-poverty strategies.To this end,the Chinese government has actively reformed and put forward that China is in the sprint period of “struggling poverty” and puts forward the concept of anti-poverty,“precise poverty alleviation and accurate poverty alleviation” to ensure that the salvation resources truly support the roots and protect the point.Compared with cities,rural areas are the hardest-hit areas of poverty and thepoverty base.Research on the effectiveness of the rural minimum guarantee system is in line with the strategic requirements for accurate poverty reduction,and it captures the key lifeblood of the improvement of the minimum living security system.This has a great theoretical significance and practical value.The paper uses CFPS2010 and CFPS2012 data to assess the aiming effect of China's rural minimum living security system through quantitative methods and analysis the misalignment causes.First,the article reviews the literature and theoretical basis related to the research topic,and summarizes the development course,value concept,and operation practice of the rural minimum living security system.Secondly,the paper carries out rigorous empirical design on the evaluation of targeting effect of rural minimum guarantee system,and designs a set of multi-target aiming effect measurement system for later comparison of multiple spans.Secondly,the paper derives the targeting effect of the rural minimum guarantee system from the income poverty measurement framework,points out the limitations of the simple income poverty framework,and measures the microscopic factors that significantly affect the identification of rural subsistence households through the Binomial Logistic Regression,not just the family income factor.Based on these factors,the paper proposes a framework for multidimensional poverty measurement and calculates the poverty score of each rural family.Finally,the article explores the cause of misalignment affecting the rural subsistence allowance system from the village field level through factor analysis and multiple logistic regression methods.In summary,the article draws the following conclusion.First,the targeting effect of China's rural subsistence allowance system is poor overall,and the missing guarantee rate and the out-of-guarantee rate are as high as 70%.The challenge cannot be overlooked.Second,the multi-dimensional poverty framework can more accurately and accurately reflect the targeting effect of rural subsistence allowance families.Micro-level factors such as householder characteristics,family population characteristics,family economic characteristics,family housing characteristics,and family life characteristics can be incorporated into the rural minimum guarantee system.In addition,under the framework of multi-dimensional poverty,the principleof poverty degree ranking method can also guarantee the principle that "the poorer the easier it is to obtain assistance".Thirdly,villages and villages' economic status and village affairs are the factors that significantly affect the rural misdemeanor system.The village clans network and village labor outflow will not significantly affect the targeting of the system.Therefore,the article proposes countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of the innovation of the targeting system of the rural minimum guarantee system and the optimization of the field environment.The first is to expand the targeted indicators of rural subsistence allowances,include more household micro-level factors,and focus on opening up the householder's health status,household electricity consumption scale,and other special targets that can easily identify the indicators.Second,it is necessary to try to establish an exclusive personal development account for rural families in difficult circumstances,and establish special targets for family education,medical care,production,and training in accordance with the microcosmic factors of the family.The third is to standardize the targeting process of the rural minimum guarantee system,make use of the village affairs open column and the community website to strengthen the policy publicity and information disclosure of the rural subsistence allowance system,and ensure the openness and transparency of the low-insurance targeting process.Fourth,we must vigorously develop the village's national economy.For the villages with better national economic conditions,we must focus on the development of special poverty alleviation measures to prevent misalignment caused by relative poverty.For villages with poor national economic conditions,we must focus on supporting village economic development.