Measurement And Research On Spatio-temporal Evolution Of China's Tourism Eco-efficiency

Tourism is an industry based on ecological environment.A good ecological environment can attract tourists better.So it used to be considered as "smokeless industry".Developing tourism is beneficial to energy saving and environmental protection.However,this view is one-sided.According to the existing scholars' research,some tourism activities belong to luxury consumption and have high carbon attributes.China's tourism industry eco-efficiency is low at present.How to improve the china's tourism industry eco-efficiency,and obtain the greatest economic benefits with the least investment of tourism resources and the environmental impact,is the essential problem of the tourism eco-efficiency to be studied and discussed in this paper.Based on the domestic and foreign related literature on the research of eco-efficiency,built the evaluation index system of tourism eco-efficiency conform to the development of the industry.The accounting of 30 provinces in 2005-2014 between tourism carbon emissions and energy consumption by "bottom-up" method,and using Tapio model to explore the relationship of tourism development and carbon emissions.On this basis,the selection based on SBM-DEA model to measure non-expected output of tourism eco-efficiency.This paper discussed the temporal difference and spatial evolution pattern of tourism eco-efficiency by using the methods of variation coefficient and nonparametric test,such as Mann-Whitney U and Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z and ArcGIS.The results indicate that:(1)Tourism carbon emissions and energy consumption at an average annual rate of 8.6%,9.4% of the speed increasing,far exceeding the average level of the world.And different departments has big difference on carbon emissions and energy consumption,such as tourist traffic respectively in 82.1% and 89.4% the extent of the decision of tourism carbon emissions and energy consumption,followed by tourist accommodation and tourism activities.In addition,carbon emissions and energy consumption of the tourist accommodation showed a negative growth trend,while the average annual growth rate of tourism activities was the fastest.(2)The total decoupling degree of tourism carbon emissions and tourism economic development and the degree of tourism energy-saving decoupling are better,showing a weak decoupling state,but the degree of decoupling between tourism carbon emissions and energy consumption reduction is relatively low.(3)The tourism eco-efficiency of the four regional has no significant difference,but there is a trend of gradual expansion in regional differences.In addition,it is not obvious that the degree of aggregation of tourism eco-efficiency from high value area to low value area.The effective provinces of DEA are scattered,including the eastern Tianjin,Shanghai and Jiangsu,the central Henan,the western Chongqing,Sichuan and Guizhou.Accordingly,this paper puts forward the main measures to improve the eco-efficiency of tourism: popularizing the consciousness of low-carbon tourism,promoting energy conservation and emission reduction measures,rationalizing the operation of business scale,enhancing tourism revenue,etc.