Study On Chongqing Reform Movement In The Early Years Of New China(1949-1954)

In June 1950,the Central People's Government promulgated the “Agrarian Reform Law of the People's Republic of China”,which opened the curtain of agrarian reform across the country.Under the leadership of the Southwest Bureau,the Chongqing area examined the situation and mobilized the masses.Under meticulous organization,the preparatory work for clearing up the country before the land reform and reducing rents and withdrawals were completed quickly,clearing the key obstacles to the land reform movement.The cadres and the masses in Chongqing,on the basis of extensive study and understanding of the “Agrarian Reform Law” and the spirit instructions of the regional supporting land reform documents,have drawn on the Party's successful experience in the land reform in the old liberated areas,and moreover set up an agrarian reform experimental zone to pilot experiences and cultivate cadres.The personnel completed the agrarian reforms in Chongqing in three phases in accordance with the preparations for the reform of the local villages in a short period of time.By 1953,the land reform movement in Chongqing had basically ended,completely destroying the feudal land ownership system and establishing farmers' land ownership.After the completion of the land reform,the rural landscape in Chongqing has undergone earth-shaking changes,the vitality of rural production has been liberated,and a good situation has emerged in which agriculture supports industrial construction and struggles at home and abroad.This article takes the land reform movement in Chongqing in the early days of the founding of New China as the research object,and on the basis of reviewing primary data such as archives,newspapers,and original documents,absorbs the research results of current scholars,and strives to objectively and accurately restore land reform in the early days of the founding of Chongqing.The real situation.This article is divided into six parts: The first part is the introduction,which mainly discusses the background of the topic,the purpose and significance of the research,reviews and evaluates the research status of the academic community,clarifies the research ideas and research methods of the topic,and this article The relevant concepts such as study area and time were defined.The second part is the theoretical and practical background of the land reform movement in Chongqing.It mainly includes the background of the theory,policy,and practice of the Chinese Communist Party in the Marx,Paris Commune,Soviet Russia,and the pre-establishment of the PRC,and the rural land in Chongqing in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China.Farmers' realities.The third part is the preparatory work before the land reform in Chongqing,including the Qing Dynasty fight against hegemony and the reduction of rent and withdrawal movements,as well as the laws and policies promulgated before the Chongqing land reform.This is an important prerequisite and precondition for the land reform.The fourth part is the focus of the full text.This part mainly discusses the concrete implementation of the Chongqing land reform,including personnel links,propaganda and mobilization,class division,land verification,expropriation,fruit distribution,celebration of victory,land reform review,and other aspects of Chongqing land reform.This will completely reproduce the course of land reform in Chongqing.The fifth part is the analysis of the effectiveness after the agrarian reform in Chongqing,focusing on the rationality of land distribution,the improvement of the status of farmers,the growth of grain production,the changes in rural atmosphere,and the support of domestic and foreign farmers in the struggle.The last part is the evaluation and summarization of the land reform movement in Chongqing.First,it affirmed the successful experience of Chongqing land reform in its close contact with the masses,its emphasis on education and learning,and the trial and re-phased land reforms.It also saw the chaotic deployment of teachers and students in the land reform process.Eager to find the deviations and lessons learned.