Research On Locating Model Of Public Charging Station Based On Electric Vehicle Users' Charging Behavior

With fast development of urbanization and rapid increase of vehicle ownership,a series of problems such as the shortage of energy and environmental pollution is increasing day by day,which has seriously influenced the stable and healthy development of China's economy.Electric vehicles,as the product of new times,due to the advantage of energy-saving and environmental protection has been favored by people,and it is one of the major development directions for new energy vehicles in the future.As the technical performance of electric vehicles improves gradually,the supporting charging infrastructure also should advance with the times.A scientific and rational planning of the public charging station can steadily promote the development of electric vehicles.Based on this,by considering the basic characteristics of electric vehicles and its public charging stations and analyzing the influencing factors such as the users' travel purpose and charging mode on the location decision and cost,this paper researches the problem of locating public charging stations under the user equilibrium model and stochastic user equilibrium model respectively,which is based on the electric vehicle users' charge behavior.This paper focuses on two main parts as follows:Part I,a bi-level programming model for locating public charging stations of electric vehicles under the user equilibrium model by considering electric vehicle users' charge behavior was researched.The lower model is a user equilibrium model based on the charging behavior of electric vehicle users during their trip.The traffic network equilibrium condition is formulated and an algorithm is proposed to solve the lower model.While the upper model is a public charging station location model for electric vehicles,which considers the interests of both the travelers and the decision makers to lowest the total cost,including system operating costs and site selection costs.Finally,an algorithm for solving the bi-level model is proposed and a numerical example is presented to verify the effectiveness of this bi-level model.The results show that the bi-level programming model ensures the location of public charging station reasonably,and users choose the travel path and charging mode based on the minimum travel cost in the road network.Part II,a bi-level programming model for locating public charging stations of electric vehicles under the stochastic user equilibrium model by considering electric vehicle users' charge behavior was researched.The lower model is a stochastic user equilibrium model based on the charging behavior of electric vehicle users during their trip.A variational inequality model equivalent to equilibrium conditions is proposed after analyzing the equilibrium conditions of the aforementioned model.Then,the existence and uniqueness of the model solution are proved and the solution algorithm of this model is designed.In a similar way,the upper model is aimed at minimizing the total cost for locating public charging stations.Combined with a specific numerical example,Genetic algorithm is used to solve the bi-level model.The effectiveness and feasibility of the model and algorithm are verified.The results show that the bi-level programming model ensures the optimal deployment of the public charging stations for electric vehicles and users' travel and charging options are closer to the actual situation when the road network reaches equilibrium.