Research On The Spatial Structure Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Rural Tourism Attractions In Hunan Province

At present,the building of overall well-to-do society in an all-round way has entered a decisive stage.An overall well-to-do society inevitably accompanies the rise of mass tourism.Moreover,rural tourism has become a new economic spin-offs in China because of its many functions such as the integration of consumption and production,and the "stable growth,reform,structural adjustment,benefits for the people,and risk prevention"in rural economic and social development.As an important carrier of rural tourism,rural tourism attractions have an important influence on the further development and planning of rural tourism.In the domestic and foreign related researches,there are few studies on the spatial structure of rural tourism attractions,and their spatial distribution patterns and influencing factors are important issues worth studying.Therefore,this article takes the rural tourism attractions of Hunan Province as the research object,collects the rural tourism attractions data of Hunan Province under the guidance of relevant theories and spatial statistical methods,like the nearest neighbor index,Ripley's function,kernel density method,coefficient of variation based on Tyson polygons,etc.The spatial structure characteristics and influencing factors of rural tourism attractions in Hunan province were studied,reached the following conclusions:(1)Spatial distribution characteristics of types:The rural tourism attractions in Hunan Province can be roughly divided into five types of rural tourism scenic spot modes:leisure and sightseeing type,agricultural experience type,health and sport type,rural culture type and characteristic village type.In terms of quantity distribution,the number of leisure and sightseeing type is 267,accounting for 47.34%of the total;while the number of farming experience type is only 8,accounting for 1.42%of the total.From the perspective of spatial distribution,rural culture type and characteristic township type are mainly distributed in western Hunan province,with Huaihua and Xiangxi prefecture as the mainstay;rural experience type and leisure and sightseeing type scenic spot are mainly concentrated in eastern Hunan and central Hunan,with Changsha,Changde,.Zhuzhou and other cities are the main cities;the health sports attractions is mainly based in Changsha and southern Hunan.(2)Spatial evolution characteristics:Combining the development characteristics and nuclear density maps of Hunan rural tourism attractions in different periods,the development process of attractions can be divided into three important stages:"small gathering,large dispersion"(2006-2010),"one nuclear two Poles,contiguous distribution"(2010-2013),"aggregation strengthening,outward diffusion"(2013-2017),from relatively decentralized distribution to today's multi-core stage,agglomeration is more obvious and the layout is more reasonable.(3)Spatial distribution characteristics:1)Space type:nearest neighbor index result NNA=0.624068 ≤ 1,indicating that the spatial distribution type of rural tourism attractions in Hunan Province is an agglomeration-type distribution;2)Spatial density:Ripley's function indicates the spatial distribution pattern of rural tourism attractions varies with distance,and the intensity of agglomeration in the 39km scenic spot is the largest,and then gradually distributed evenly;39km is used as the nuclear density search radius.The analysis results show that the province has formed a high-density gathering area in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan city group.And five sub-high density cities including Changde,Hengyang,Quzhou,Loudi,and Huaihua.Last but not least,rural tourism attractions have the highest degree of coupling with the railroad line;2)Spatial Equilibrium:From a regional perspective,rural tourist attractions in different regions of the province have more significant differences.The overall characteristics of spatial distribution can be summarized as the"many in the northeast and less in the southwest";from the perspective of the city and state,the coefficient of variation based on Tyson polygons is used to indicate that Hengyang is evenly distributed.The other 13 cities and counties either have more or less attractions and have relatively high CV values and poly distribution.(4)This article mainly analyzes its impact on the spatial structure of rural tourism attractions from the aspects of social economy,resource base,traffic conditions and policy planning.In addition,on the basis of the previous analysis,combined with the spatial structure and influencing factors of rural tourism attractions in Hunan Province,this paper puts forward the idea of "One nuclear,three band,four regions" optimizing the spatial structure of rural tourism attractions in Hunan Province and related measures.