Research On Land First-level Development Model In Zhengzhou City

The economics and society of Zhengzhou City retained a rapidly growing tendency,especially the GDP of Zhengzhou had crossed three steps of hundreds of billions in recent five years.The ranking of economy had continuously increased all over the country,with the economics growth stabilized at around 10 percent.The GDP of Zhengzhou had reached 811.4 billion in 2016.Zhengzhou was made the national central city by the end of 2016.These achievements were not only owing to the supporting by location advantage and national policy,but also benefiting from the bonuses of rapid urbanization derived from the reconstruction of old city and development of inherent potentiality.The Zhengzhou pattern of urban village reconstruction played an immense effect in promoting the economic increasing of Zhengzhou.However,with the further exacerbation of land support and demand,the malpractice of this pattern was becoming increasingly evident.The primary malpractice of this pattern was that the developers take the initiative position,which break the fairness of market.Secondly,the developers operated with no norm,leading to a difficult situation of constructing exit mechanism.Meanwhile,the developers deliberately lowered the transfer price and the government lost plenty of benefit because of differently recovering the capital investment of government.It was urgent to innovate the land reserve and development system by combining the reality of society and economic development.Moreover,the constructions in Central Plain Economic Zone and Central Henan Urban agglomeration were continuously advanced.It was urgent to innovate land reserve and development system combined with economic and social development.In addition,in the "13th Five-Year" period,the Henan province continued to promote the construction of the Central Plains Economic Zone and the Central Plains urban agglomeration,while Zhengzhou was also committed to building a larger and stronger central city.In this study,the speed of urbanization in Zhengzhou was further accelerated.The economic and social needs for construction land will be stronger and the rapid expansion of the city will become inevitable.In order to meet the needs of the construction of the land in Zhengzhou,it was bound to carry out a standardized and orderly development of the first level of land.Based on the theory of land economics,principal-agent theory and government regulation theory,this paper uses literature research,model comparison and analysis,case study and other methods to discuss the related theories and practical problems of the first level development of land.Taking Zhengzhou as the main body of research,this paper analyzed the status of the first level development of the land in Zhengzhou,analyzed the problems in the transformation of the village in Zhengzhou City,and combined the actual situation of the city of Zhengzhou,and on the basis of the experience of the first level development model of the key cities in the key cities of the city,optimizes the design of the first level development model of the soil and land in Zhengzhou.Taking the land development in Central Plains of Zhengzhou as an example,the paper makes an empirical application,and finally put forward suggestions for improving the development of land in Zhengzhou.The main conclusions of this paper were as follows:(1)through the theoretical analysis of the first level development model of land,this paper divided the first level development model of urban land into three types,namely,the government led model,the enterprise leading model and the cooperation mode of government and enterprise,Combing the characteristics and advantages and disadvantages of their respective models,it would provide reference value for the selection of land development mode in Zhengzhou.(2)In Zhengzhou's previous land development,capital pressure was the biggest obstacle to the development of government land,The characteristics of the first level development of the land in Zhengzhou were that the government of the area under jurisdiction chooses the first level development of the land with the local real estate developers,the government is responsible for the land expropriation and resettlement and other specific work,and the developers paid the various costs in the transformation of the village in the city,until the completion of the first level of land development into the two level land market,developers got the land at the bottom price transaction.Behind the "Zhengzhou model" in the transformation of the village in the city,there was a corresponding one or two level linkage of land,which affected the equity of the market;the financing was difficult,the way of financing was single;the loss of the government income,the difficulty in the recovery of the capital investment,the unstandard operation of the developers,and the difficulty in establishing the exit mechanism.(3)According to the relevant policy requirements and the actual situation in Zhengzhou,the first level development model of land in Zhengzhou was optimized and the land first level development model suitable for the government in Zhengzhou was put forward.The basic idea was: The first level development and management platform of Zhengzhou land was set up to take the Zhengzhou land reserve center as the main body;the government under the jurisdiction of the region was mainly responsible for the work closely related to the public interests to ensure the stability of the society;the government's state-owned investment companies are responsible for the construction and implementation of specific projects in the form of tendering.In order to form an effective response to the existing problems,such as effectively stopping the one or two level linkage of land and preventing the loss of value-added land revenue.The model was applied to the optimization of the first level development of the Central Plains of Zhengzhou,and the detailed design of the first level development model of the land was carried out around the management model,the capital model and the working process.Through the analysis of the benefit of the project,it was shown that the first level development model of the government led land was conducive to the establishment of a good land market trading environment,breaking the "one or two level linkage" mode of the village transformation in the traditional city of Zhengzhou,increasing the government revenue and preventing the loss of land value-added income.(4)On the basis of the empirical application of the first level land development model of the Zhengzhou municipal government,this paper put forward some policy suggestions to improve the first level development model of the land: To establish and improve the first level land development laws and regulations and policies;to clarify the functions and responsibilities of the government in the first level development of land;to improve the supervision mechanism of the first level development behavior of the government land;and to strengthen the management of the first level development of land.