Research On The Formation Mechanism And Evolution Of Patent Cooperation Networks Of Technology-Based Small And Mid-Sized Enterprises

With the market competition intensified,technological innovation accelerated and product life cycle shortened,enforcement of intellectual property rights have become the concentrated expression of the competitiveness of enterprises at home and abroad.The basic national policy of Japan is from the establishment of science and technology to intellectual property rights.The United States regards the intellectual property rights as the basic strategic resource of the state.Patent cooperation has become an important form of cooperation and innovation among technology-based small and mid-sized enterprises at home and abroad.China's technology-based small and mid-sized enterprises embed the patent cooperation network.They can assist enterprises to carry out the work of production and work with research institutions and institutions of higher learning to overcome difficulties.They have gradually become a new force to accelerate the construction and industrialization of innovation.However,because of extensive cooperation,it leads to over reliance on external technology and forms hollow enterprises.There are also enterprises with technical difficulties due to deep cooperation."How to manage the development of patent cooperation network resources" has become one of the most important ways for technology-based small and mid-sized enterprises to break through the bottleneck of their development.So it is necessary to use more network structure visualization patent cooperation objective data and research on the mechanism of patent cooperation network formation to explore what the patent cooperation network model can improve the innovation performance in technology-based small and mid-sized enterprises.This paper using stock market 's data about authorized patent in listed technology-based small and mid-sized enterprises from 2009 to 2014,focusing on the ICT industry and the pharmaceutical industry,discuss the formation mechanism of patent cooperation network structure,its influence on enterprise innovation performance and evolution law.Research draws the following conclusions:First,according to its range and depth,divide patent cooperation network into the high or low exploration of patent cooperation networks and the high or low utilization of patent cooperation networks,geographical proximity and social close plays a significant positive effect to high exploration of patent cooperation networks and high utilization of patent cooperation networks in cooperative innovation.Technology approach is not conducive to strong exploration cooperation and promoting the innovation of enterprise patent cooperation in the network.But it can significantly improve the strong advantage of enterprise patent cooperation in the cooperative innovation network.Second,exploratory network model has a positive impact on enterprise innovation performance,and the high exploration of networks plays a more important role.The low utilization of networks has a negative impact on enterprise innovation performance.The role of high utilization network model is positive,and the driving role is between the high and low exploration of networks.Third,the overall patent cooperative network density projects a downward trend,and the network put ups "small world characteristics".The evolution law of the high exploration of patent cooperation networks is to break the small group cooperation agglomeration phenomenon and expand the scope of cooperation.The evolution law of the high utilization of patent cooperation networks is that the growth rate of inter firm cooperation is larger than that of network scale expansion which can realize the deep application of resources.Finally,combined with the above research,we further put forward countermeasures to promote the development of patent cooperation network for technology-based small and mid-sized enterprises to enhance the innovation performance of enterprises.