Research On Energy Efficient Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

As an emerging technology,wireless sensor networks(WSN)are widely used in social fields such as military monitoring,disaster prediction,information appliances and building management systems.Since wireless sensor nodes are usually deployed in areas where humans are inaccessible or unable to step in,how to reduce node energy consumption and extend its battery replacement cycle is the focus of current wireless sensor network research.The clustering routing protocol is an effective means to improve energy utilization.Therefore,based on the relevant theories of wireless sensor networks,this paper classifies and exemplifies the existing routing protocols,then study and explore the deficiencies of the classic clustering routing protocol,the main research contents are as follows:(1)In the context of homogeneous wireless sensor networks,an unequal clustering algorithm base on fuzzy logic(UCFL)is proposed for the problem of unbalanced energy consumption of network nodes leading to shortened life cycle.In the process of cluster head election,the algorithm considers the optimal number of cluster heads in the network.At the same time,it uses a fuzzy logic system to combine the three factors of node energy,distance from relay nodes,and number of neighbor nodes to infer the probability of nodes becoming cluster heads and the competitive radius of cluster head to optimize the selection of cluster heads.In the data transmission stage,the multi-hop transmission method between clusters is used,the relay node is used to forward data,and the selection method of the cluster head node and the next hop node of the relay node is designed.Simulation experiments show that the improved algorithm effectively balances the network energy consumption and extends the duration of the network.(2)In the context of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks,only the energy of nodes are considered for cluster head and inter-cluster routing using single-hop transmission selection in multi-level heterogeneous network clustering routing protocols,resulting in some nodes dying ahead.To solve the problem,an energy efficient multi-hop routing algorithm for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks(EMRA)is proposed.This algorithm improves the selection method of the cluster head and data transmission method of the DEEC algorithm.In the cluster head selection stage,the remaining energy of the node,the distance from the base station and the average communication distance with the neighboring nodes are fully considered,the mechanism for node head cluster election is improved.In the data transmission stage,the inter-cluster multi-hop transmission method is adopted and the global optimal transmission path between clusters is determined based on genetic algorithm.Simulation experiments show that the algorithm can reduce the energy consumption and extend the network life cycle.