| Spectrum resources are increasingly scarce but people's demand for bandwidth is increasing which is exactly the problem encountered in the development of communications.The sufficient spectrum resources of millimeter wave can well solve this problem.But the loss of millimeter wave in the air is increased and it is more susceptible to external obstruction,moreover,the coverage of single beam is narrow.It is necessary to design a massive millimeter wave antenna array to improve the aerial gain and directivity,and enhance the anti-interference ability.However,the price of this is that the antenna system becomes more complicated.Miniaturization and high integration are the trends of 5G development,the application of millimeter wave antenna in the 5G industry faces new challenges.How to reduce the complexity of millimeter wave multibeam antennas while meeting 5G industry applications.Combining the above issues,this article focuses on reducing the complexity of millimeter wave antennas.The main content of the paper is as follows:The domestic and international research status of millimeter wave multibeam antennas is introduced in Chapter 1.The realization principles of multibeam antennas and the design principles of traditional two-dimensional scanning antennas are given in detail.In addition,the basic principles and design methods of substrate integrated waveguide is explained.Based on the pattern reconfigurable antenna,the design principle of the traditional two-dimensional scanning antenna is improved,and a novel two-dimensional scanning antenna design idea is proposed.The principle and the design of pattern reconfigurable antenna are explained in detail.The new two-dimensional scanning antenna principle is used to design millimeter-wave two-dimensional scanning antennas,which effectively reduces the antenna size,the number of feed networks and the structural complexity of two-dimensional scanning antenna.At last,the antenna is processed and tested to verify the design.In the fourth part of the article,using the highly symmetrical characteristic of the RKR lens,a dual-lens structure capable of 360° omnidirectional feeding is designed,and a millimeter-wave omnidirectional scanning antenna is designed in conjunction with the Yagi antennas.This solution not only achieves 360° coverage of the antenna beam,but also cut down the profile of antenna and solve the problem in design of omnidirectional antenna.This paper also proposes a new type of dual-frequency common-aperture antenna unit structure,which combines a low-frequency patch antenna with a high-frequency waveguide slot antenna to form a common-aperture radiating unit.The modular design of the common-aperture unit is realized.Multi-beam scanning of the shared-aperture antenna can be realized by combing the antennas with the beamforming network.It has the advantages of simple design principle and low structural complexity. |
PDF Full Text Request