Media Power The Anticipatory Governance

Science and technology are intimately connected with human society.However,due to the unbridled development of science and technology,the consequences of the uncertainty risk of science and technology are more and more immeasurable.Therefore,it is urgent to effectively regulate the ethical risk of science and technology.Scientific and technical workers and relevant policy researchers have made a lot of attempts in this regard.First,the United States put forward the concept of "technology assessment" in the 1950 s."early-warning technology assessment" and "constructive technology assessment" are two development stages in the category of "technology assessment".However,the participants in the "early warning technology assessment" stage are only scientists,which is not objective and impartial and lacks credibility.The "constructive technology assessment" stage is a dynamic analytical study that focuses on social practical feedback.The theoretical foundation is more solid,and it also emphasizes the absorption of different stakeholders,but it does not solve the problem of how to coordinate.Therefore,neither of them can solve the ethical risk of science and technology well.Under the predicament,Guston put forward the concept of "anticipatory governance".anticipatory governance is the most important part of "prospect communication" to control the ethical risk of science and technology."Prospect communication" is the new connotation of traditional science and technology communication in the current era.It pays attention to the ethical risk management of science and technology rarely involved in traditional science and technology communication.In addition to reducing the proportion of outdated scientific and technological information and disseminating the latest civilization and achievements of science and technology,"prospect communication" has been endowed with new and unique connotations.Second,we should advocate the new governance concept of the public to jointly govern the ethical risks of science and technology,with the participation of the whole people anda consensus on the full responsibility system.Thirdly,to spread the anticipatory governance of science and technology and improve the ability of citizens to jointly manage the ethical risks of science and technology,which is the key for "prospect communication" to deal with the ethical risks of science and technology.The anticipatory governance of science and technology focuses on improving the ability of the public to effectively deal with the problems of science and technology.The anticipatory governance of science and technology includes two aspects: "expectation" and "governance".Among them,"expectation" essentially refers to the ability,which mainly includes three kinds of ability: the ability to foresee,the ability to participate and the ability to integrate.These three kinds of ability complement each other."Governance" is the core and a practical process,which aims to improve the above three capabilities,including the predictive process of multiple participation,the participatory process from the perspective of democracy and the deeper integration process.The anticipatory governance of science and technology not only serves as theoretical support,but also embodies the practice of "governance" as guidance for actions.It emphasizes the dynamic operation of practice and improves the public governance capacity in practice,which is conducive to the "prospect communication" to effectively deal with the ethical risks of science and technology.On this basis,through the analysis of the functions and effects of the media,based on the perspective of "prospect communication",the positive role of the media is brought into play to help "prospect communication" govern the ethical risks of science and technology.It mainly includes two aspects: first,fully and accurately disseminate the information about the ethical risks of science and technology in the "prospect communication".In this process,the media should select the validity of the communication information source,improve the quality of the communication content,and constantly enrich the communication methods and means,so as to provide the public with comprehensive and accurate information on the ethical risks of science and technology,and provide guarantee for the effective governance of the ethical risks of science and technology.Secondly,the communication of "prospect communication" is the key to the governance of ethical risks of science andtechnology--the anticipatory governance of science and technology,so as to improve the various abilities of the public,so as to improve the ability of multiple subjects to jointly govern ethical risks of science and technology.In this process,the media should first establish a connection,provide the public with a platform for communication and feedback,promote the public participation foresight process,and improve the public's foresight ability.Secondly,real-time media supervision can ensure the authenticity of democratic participation,thus ensuring the effectiveness of democratic participation,ensuring the participation process from the perspective of democracy,and improving the public's ability to participate together.Finally,the media should give full play to the function of public opinion guidance,guide the correct orientation of values,take the most fundamental interests of the majority of the public as the basic starting point,strengthen in-depth communication,integrate the differences between the target and the subject,seek common ground while shelving differences,and improve the integration process at a deeper level.Through the specific measures of the communication channel of the media mentioned above,it will actively help "prospect communication" to carry out the anticipatory governance on the ethical risks of science and technology,so as to reduce the occurrence and harm of the ethical risks of science and technology.