Layering Routing Protocol For Underwater Acoustic Networks Based On Single Path

Underwater Acoustic Networks(UANs)are widely used in marine resource exploration,marine disaster detection and national defense.Underwater networking and data transmission are the key parts of UANs,and routing protocol is the core content of networking and data transmission.UANs is characterized by high bit error rate,long prop agation delay and large energy consumption,which present a number of challenges to the design of highly efficient and robust routing protocols.Thus,designing a suitable routing protocol for UANs has great research value.The thesis focuses on the UANs routing protocol.The main research contents include:(1)In this paper,traditional routing protocol and layering routing protocol are compared and analyzed.Layering routing not only has high reliability,but also can effectively solve the problem of "void area" and reduce the energy consumption of the network.From the operability and performance of the protocol,the single path and multi-path routing protocols are analyzed.The single path routing protocol can not only improve the transmission efficiency and reduce the collision,but also it can reduce network energy consumption.(2)According to above analysis,a node layering scheme based on the shortest hop distance is proposed.In the scheme,after receiving a control message,the node extracts the ID,layer and other information of the sending node,and determines or updates its own layer according to the layer and distance of the sending node.Through mathematical model and MATLAB experiments,the paper analyzes and compares the layering scheme with the shortest hop distance and the layering scheme with the least hop number,further conducts simulation test based on NS3 platform.Theoretical analysis,matlab experiment and NS3 simulation results show that the layering scheme based on shortest hop distance outperforms the scheme with the least hop number in term of energy-saving.(3)On the basis of the layering scheme based the shortest hop distance,a Layering Single-Path Routing Protocol based on Distance and Energy(DELR)forUANs is proposed.In DELR protocol,each sensor node maintains a neighbor table,which contains the ID,layer and other information of itself and two hop neighbor nodes.After network initialization,the sink node periodically broadcasts control message.After receiving control message,the sensor node extracts id,layer and other information in neighbor table,updates its neighbor table,and forwards broadcast message.Before a packet is forwarded,the node determines the best next hop according to layer,distance and energy of neighbor nodes in the neighbor table.A number of simulation experiments with the DELR protocol are carried out with the NS3 network simulation platform.The simulation results show that the delivery rate with the DELR protocol can reach 90%,and the average end-to-end delay is 3.9s,and the DELR protocol can balance the energy consumption among nodes and extend the life of the whole network.