Congestion Detection And Control Algorithm For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks(WSN)is a wireless network composed of a large number of sensors with limited resources through wireless self-organization.This highly flexible,high fidelity,large-scale distributed system without manual intervention will make a significant change in people's lives in the 21 st century.With the popularization of wireless sensor networks,some technical research difficulties and bottlenecks,such as time synchronization,security and congestion control,are gradually emerging.The problem of congestion control in wireless sensor networks is very different from that in traditional wired networks.If a node is congested due to too much burst data or data load overload,the whole network will collapse.From the overall analysis,the research on WSN congestion control mechanism mainly has three aspects: congestion detection,congestion prevention and congestion control.Researchers at home and abroad have proposed numerous congestion control algorithms based on the characteristics and different directions of WSN.Most congestion control algorithms use the congestion detection method is to monitor the size of the cache space or monitor the occupancy of the channel at any time,static way of detection,the accuracy is not very good;Many congestion control algorithms do not use congestion prevention,and most of them focus on the treatment after the occurrence of congestion.Multi-sink node problem is rarely considered in current congestion control.Based on the above analysis,in order to solve Congestion problem of wireless sensor networks,this paper proposes two Congestion Control algorithms: MPCCA(Multi Path Congestion Control Algorithm)on one sink node.Multi-sink traffic-control Algorithm(MSTA)based on multi-sink nodes.The main research work of this paper on WSN congestion problem is as follows:(1)The key technologies of wireless sensor networks,the classical WSN congestion control algorithm,and the key technologies of WSN congestion control methods,including congestion avoidance,congestion detection and congestion control,are described firstly.It lays a theoretical foundation for the subsequent research on WSN congestion control methods.(2)Considering the reliability of wireless sensor network,based on multipath,this paper proposes a multipath congestion control algorithm MPCCA for a sink node.This method consists of two parts: MSTA(Multi Path Traffic Allocation)USES local information to construct multiple paths,effectively improves communication efficiency and success rate,and achieves congestion avoidance in the early stage.ADTA(Accuracy Detection traffic-control Algorithm)adopts accurate measurement to detect congestion and adopts appropriate strategies to alleviate congestion.Simulation results show that this algorithm can effectively improve the success rate of communication.(3)Considering the multi-sink node problem,this paper designs a congestion control algorithm MSTA based on multi-sink nodes.This algorithm USES multiple base stations to reduce energy consumption and improve network reliability.Based on the network environment of multiple sink nodes,WSN congestion control algorithm MSTA based on multiple sink nodes was designed.Sensor nodes in the network were layered in the way of clustering,and the whole life cycle was divided in the way of "wheel".Simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively alleviate and control congestion,improve the throughput of wireless sensor network,and verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.(4)In the end,the research contents of this paper are summarized and further research plans are prospected.