Research And Optimization Of Blockchain System For Supply Chain Tracking

In recent years,with the increasing number of food safety issues,how to effectively complete the tracking process of products in the supply chain has attracted the attention of the state and various industries.The traditional supply chain tracking system generally adopts a centralized management mode,but the centralized system monitoring has problems such as data fraud and tampering.The authenticity of the tracking data has not been fundamentally solved;Supply chain is a multi-participatory system,and it has multiple information systems.This leads to the asymmetry of traceability information that all parties have mastered,which increases the difficulty of product accountability.The blockchain is a decentralized distributed system that doesn't require third-party organizations to monitor.All nodes in the system can obtain all the data,ensuring the transparency of the stored data.Simultaneously,the blockchain uses a variety of encryption algorithms,so that the stored data can't be falsified,and the authenticity of the data is guaranteed.Therefore,we combine blockchain technology with supply chain tracking system,and use the advantages of blockchain technology to solve many problems in supply chain tracking system,and design a blockchain system oriented to supply chain tracking.In order to solve the system performance problem,we designed and implemented an optimized consensus algorithm.The main work is listed as follows:Firstly,we design a blockchain system architecture that supports mobile terminal access.This architecture is different from the current architecture that only supports the Web-based access blockchain system.It integrates the habit of users using mobile terminal devices to add tracking data with the blockchain system,and supports mobile terminal devices to write tracking data into the blockchain.In addition,we have designed a mobile application that scans the QR code to quickly and accurately generate product tracking data.We use the application to complete product registration,tracking,and traceability,and upload the tracking data in the blockchain.Secondly,in order to complete the function of reading and writing data in the blockchain system of the mobile terminal device,we designed and implemented a smart contract for the supply chain tracking system.The smart contract defines multiple interfaces for the mobile terminal to call,and the mobile terminal interacts with the blockchain system by calling the interface to write the tracking data into the blockchain system.Considering that modifying smart contracts can cause tracking data loss,we designed a scalable smart contract that separates the logical contract from the data contract,ensuring that the tracking data in the data contract is not lost after the system is upgraded.And increase the entry contract to enhance the security of the contractThirdly,by testing the performance of the tracking system proposed in this paper,we found that the consensus algorithm used by the system is not efficient and the throughput is low.To solve this problem,we propose a new consensus algorithm.Based on the idea of the PBFT(Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance)algorithm,this algorithm has the following improvements:Initially,in the absence of Byzantine nodes,this algorithm designs an optimized coherency protocol,reducing the amount of communication between nodes in the consensus process.Next,this algorithm introduces an integration mechanism.The nodes in the network are divided into consensus nodes and candidate nodes through the integration of nodes.Only the consensus nodes participate in the consensus process,which further reduces the communication between nodes.Finally,the algorithm introduces a lifting-level mechanism to dynamically update the nodes participating in the consensus and reduce the possibility of a Byzantine node in the consensus node to ensure that that the algorithm performs the optimized consistency protocol most of the time.Experimental results show that the algorithm can reduce the communication between nodes,increase the throughput of the system and improve the consensus efficiency.