Research And Improvement Of The Routing Protocol In The Scatter Spectrum Monitoring Sensor Network

With the increasing emphasis on wireless sensor network technology,it has been applied in many fields such as defense and military,construction status monitoring,medical rescue,and information appliances.Wireless sensor networks are characterized by large scale,easy deployment,and strong environmental adaptability.These characteristics determine that they can be effectively used in the field of spectrum monitoring.When wireless sensor nodes are deployed in areas where human intervention is difficult,wired networks,4G,and other network technologies cannot be applied to such areas without infrastructure.Therefore,in order to allow randomly deployed nodes to effectively form a collaborative network,it is necessary to study ad hoc network routing protocols for wireless sensor networks,taking into account that all nodes are battery-powered and cannot replace the nodes after deployment.The network life cycle is an important consideration in the study of routing protocols.This paper is based on the thirteenth five-year pre-research project"Study on the scattering of XXXX"undertaken by the laboratory.In the application described in this paper,a certain number of wireless sensor nodes are deployed to battlefields and other difficult-to-reach areas,such as aircraft airdrops,artillery projections,and other scattering methods.For this application scenario,firstly the architecture and network topology are studied,and then The existing classical routing protocols and their applicable scenarios are analyzed.The appropriate base protocol LEACH protocol is selected.Then the protocol and two improved protocols LEACH-C and LEACH-DCHS are studied.Finally,the distribution of the cluster head nodes is optimized.And to reduce the energy consumption of cluster head elections to improve.1.For the large-scale characteristics of the wireless sensor networks used in this paper,and the problem that the cluster head nodes randomly generated by the LEACH protocol in a large-scale application cause the position of the cluster head nodes to be in a cluster,the partition clustering algorithm is introduced to improve.Firstly,the nodes randomly deployed in the monitoring area are divided into a certain number of clusters according to the algorithm rules,and then three factors are considered:the remaining energy of the node,the distance of the cluster nodes from the cluster node to the cluster center node in the cluster,and the distance from the node to the network aggregation node.The head election mechanism,through which the appropriate cluster head node is selected,and the remaining energy of the cluster head is replaced to balance the energy consumption of the entire network.Finally,the improved algorithm is simulated and analyzed to verify the improvement effect.2.For the feature that nodes in this application use battery power,LEACH protocol has been improved energy-saving.The LEACH protocol will redo the new cluster heads on the whole network in each round.However,in many rounds,many cluster head nodes do not consume a lot of energy.In this case,the entire network election will generate unnecessary energy loss.Two energy thresholdsE_{th 1}andE_th2are introduced in the improved protocol,E_th1 are used to decide whether to implement the election of the whole network,reduce the number of large-scale elections in the entire network,andE_th2determines whether the cluster head node continues when the intra-cluster election is judged.A cluster head identity reduces the number of cluster head elections within a cluster.At the same time,a sleep wake-up mechanism was designed to delay the death time of the first node.Through simulation analysis,the improved protocol has improved both the overall network lifetime and the stability of the network.Finally,the spectrum monitoring wireless sensor network test environment and the parameter configuration method of wireless ad hoc network communication module based on embedded WEB are introduced in detail.Then the actual test results of the energy saving improvement protocol and the original protocol are compared and analyzed.From the test results,it can be seen that the improved ad hoc network routing protocol improves the network lifetime compared with the basic protocol.