Research On Topology Control Algorithms For Wireless Sensor Networks Based On LEACH

Wireless sensor networks are data centric wireless networks.In order to obtain accurate information,a large number of sensor nodes are usually deployed,and the deployment environment of these sensor nodes is often more special and difficult to intervene,such as forest fire prevention,marine environmental detection,Gobi soil and water monitoring,and military projects.The application in the background.The complex monitoring environment is not conducive to the maintenance of WSN,which makes reducing the energy consumption of nodes and prolonging the life cycle of network has become the focus of research in recent years.The cluster topology routing technology can effectively balance the network energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime.By selecting appropriate cluster heads,the network is divided into multiple layers of data transmission subnet,which has unique advantages in energy saving and scalability.LEACH topology routing algorithm is classical in clustering topology control,and its cluster head selection is random.In recent years,the improvement of this algorithm is endless,but most of them do not consider the complex terrain deployed by WSN,and the selection of cluster heads is still defective.In view of the engineering background and existing problems,a hierarchical topology routing algorithm SNACH(Skeleton Nodes Acting As Cluster Head)is proposed,which takes skeleton nodes as cluster heads.Firstly,the method of extracting skeleton in graphics processing technology is studied.As the skeleton of graphics can fully reflect the structural features of the graphics,the SNACH algorithm abstracts the contour of the network into a plane "graph" and extracts the "graphics" skeleton,thus the skeleton nodes can also fully reflect the structure characteristics of the monitoring network.These skeleton nodes are usually located in the "middle axis" position of the network,using these nodes as cluster heads and the relative average distance between the other common nodes around the network,thus sharing the cluster head pressure,reducing the network load and prolonging the network life cycle.The SNACH algorithm first extracts backbone nodes as cluster heads in the network,and extends the backbone nodes to get an alternative set of backbone networks as cluster heads.After that,the energy model is established in the alternative set of cluster head nodes,and the energy model is used as the base of the cluster head to choose the node of the cluster head,thus a network of energy consumption equilibrium is obtained.Finally,the OMNeT++(Objective Modular Network Testbed in C++)simulation platform is built,and the module of base station node,cluster head node and common node is written with NED(Network Description)language,and the logic implementation is carried out by C++ language.According to the actual situation of sensor nodes,we establish an energy model for nodes,and simulate WSN more realistically.The experimental results show that the cluster head nodes of the SNACH algorithm can be distributed evenly in each round of simulation experiments,and no cluster head nodes are too concentrated or too close to the boundary.When the base station nodes are in different positions,the performance of SNACH algorithm in node energy consumption and network life cycle is also superior to the LEACH algorithm,and the effect is most obvious when the base station nodes are in the original coordinates.