Research On Routing Dynamic Adjustment Protocol Based On Mobile Base Station In Wireless Sensor Network

The wireless sensor network is composed of multiple sensor nodes deployed in the target area.It monitors,collects,and processes the physical information of the target area in a cooperative manner,and transmits the monitored information to the base station through wireless communication,which is widely used in environmental protection,intelligent transportation,intelligent household and other fields.By setting up the mobile base station,the hot spot problem in the wireless sensor network can be alleviated.However,during data transmission,nodes in the network need to know the latest location of the base station for effective data transmission.Due to the limited energy of the nodes,frequent transmission of the latest location information of the base station will greatly consume the energy of the nodes and violate the goal of energy saving.Therefore,how to set an effective base station mobility method and how to update the latest location information of the base station while reducing the network overhead is of great significance to the research of the wireless sensor network.Aiming at the hot issues caused by the imbalance of energy consumption in the network,this paper proposes a routing dynamic adjustment protocol based on mobile base stations,which consists of two parts: adaptive data collection strategy and a local location update strategy for mobile base station.The main contents of this paper are as follows:Firstly,the architecture,characteristics and key technologies of wireless sensor networks are described,as well as the characteristics and design requirements of the routing protocols in wireless sensor networks.The research status of routing protocols at home and abroad is further introduced.Secondly,the adaptive data collection strategy is proposed.This strategy first constructs the network area into an equal-sized grid structure,and then considers the remaining energy of the node and the distance between the node and the grid centroid in each grid to select an appropriate cluster head node.According to the relativepositions of the grid and the base station,the network can be roughly divided into nine areas for direction identification.When the node needs to upload data,the relative position of the base station is determined through the query direction identifier,and the neighboring cluster head node is used according to the constructed fitness function.Select the appropriate node for data forwarding.In the cluster head reselection phase,Sigmoid algorithm was introduced to dynamically adjust the remaining energy threshold to achieve balanced use of the entire network energy.Thirdly,a local location update strategy for mobile base station is proposed.By setting the counter and according to the network status information,the dynamic adjustment of the base station movement trajectory is realized,and the stop time of the base station is dynamically adjusted;in the stage of base station mobile latest position update,a local update strategy is adopted.For each movement of the base station,only part of the cluster head nodes participate in the base station location update process,saving node energy consumption.Finally,the protocol mentioned in this paper is verified by NS2 simulation software.The experimental results show that this protocol can effectively alleviate the hot issues caused by unbalanced energy consumption of nodes and prolong the network life cycle.