Teaching Design Of Geometric Concept In Higher Grade Of Primary School Based On APOS Theory

As the basis for students to learn other geometric knowledge,geometric concept is an important prerequisite for students to form spatial concepts and geometric intuition.Because of the abstraction of geometric concept itself and the incompleteness of the development of pupils' abstract thinking,the teaching of geometric concept is difficult in primary school.Especially in the higher grade of primary school,students' learning of geometric concepts begins to enter the level of solid geometry and curvilinear graphics,and has higher requirements for students' abstract thinking and logical reasoning ability.these changes have brought some difficulties to teachers' teaching and students' learning.Instructional design as the blueprint and basis of classroom teaching,the research on instructional design can help teachers to plan classroom teaching better,so as to accomplish teaching tasks and goals more reasonably and effectively.Therefore,it is worth thinking about how to design the teaching design that conforms to the cognitive characteristics of students and is helpful to teachers' teaching.Under the guidance of APOS theory,this study starts with the current situation of geometry concept teaching in higher grade of primary school,and discusses the general ideas and methods of geometry concept teaching design of higher grade of primary school based on APOS theory.First of all,in the form of questionnaires and interviews,this paper investigates students' geometry concept learning and teachers' geometry concept teaching in the higher grade of primary school,and analyzes the main problems existing in geometry concept teaching in the higher grade of primary school.from the practical level to provide inspiration for teaching design.Then,according to the general process of instructional design,this paper discusses the conceptual instructional design of geometry in the higher grade of primary school under the guidance of APOS theory.It includes the early analysis based on APOS theory(curriculum standard requirement analysis,teaching content analysis,learner characteristic analysis),instructional design based on APOS theory(instructional goal design,instructional strategy design,instructional process design,instructional evaluation design),and instructional design cases based on APOS theory(cuboid cognition,circle cognition).Finally,one of the teaching design cases is implemented in the actual teaching through the teaching experiment to verify its effect.The results show that the main problems in geometry concept teaching in higher grades of primary school include students' low classroom participation,lack of learning initiative,lack of cultivation of students' hands-on operation ability and independent exploration ability;students' understanding of geometric concepts is superficial and one-sided,and teachers do not pay enough attention to the exploration process of students discovering the essential attributes of concepts.Students lack the initiative to use geometric concepts to solve problems,fail to deepen students' understanding of geometric concepts,teachers lack the initiative to cultivate students' awareness of constructing knowledge system,and students lack the consciousness of constructing knowledge system.According to these problems,this paper makes a general design of geometry concept teaching in higher grades of primary school under APOS theory.It includes: the design of the activity stage(the choice of the activity material and the choice of the activity mode),the design of the process stage(reflecting the operation activity,discriminating the essential attribute of the concept),the design of the object stage(organizing the mathematical language,carrying on the variation training,giving positive and negative examples),the design of the schema stage(combing the learning process,establishing the relationship between knowledge,cultivating students' schema consciousness).With a view to providing some references for front-line teachers.