Research On The Cultivation Strategy Of Students' Reflective Learning Ability Based On Backward Design

As an important connotation of core literacy,the cultivation of reflective learning ability has become a key proposition for talent competition in the 21 st century.Researchers and frontline teachers from various countries have begun to try to achieve this goal through classroom teaching.However,there are phenomena such as "unscientific steps in instructional design,unclear purpose of promoting reflection,and relatively few evaluation tools" in the present teaching practice,which detracts from the cultivation effect of reflective learning ability to some extent.Specifically,the current cultivation path of reflective learning ability basically follows the traditional instructional design framework,that is,the whole content from textbooks is regarded as the teaching destination,and based on this,the established teaching activities and evaluation tools are determined.This process does not take learning to reflect explicitly as one of the learning goals,so reflection does not run through the entire teaching process as a core element.Students still treat learning content of the entire textbooks as the only learning purpose.Under the reality of heavy learning load,it is difficult for students to fully digest the core knowledge,which leads them to lacking a solid understanding foundation for reflecting their learning situations at different levels and dimensions;Designing teaching activities before determining the evaluation tools makes is difficult to design and intervene corresponding activities according to students' reflective performance.In addition,the reflective evaluation tools provided by teachers are generally based on blogs and videos.They need to broaden the cultivation path of reflective learning ability based on the characteristics of new media.At the same time,as a new design mode,backward design shows its potential and advantages in developing reflective learning ability.It is goal-oriented,rearranges the sequence of instructional design,and establishes a three-stage design framework of "setting expected goals,determining evaluation tools,and designing teaching activities".In this framework,reflection is explicitly incorporated into the learning goal system as one of the dimensions of understanding,which clarifies the teaching tasks that need to be achieved;The levels of the dimension of reflection are clearly divided,which provides a framework reference for the scale design of reflective evaluation tools;And the "WHERETO" design principle of teaching activity provides acting points for the organization of reflective activities.On this basis,this research builds on the existing research results of reflective learning ability training methods,integrates the concept and framework of backward design,and utilizes vlog as a new reflective evaluation tool to formulate strategies for the optimization and reconstruction of reflective learning ability training,aiming to help solve this cultivating problem.In the process,the main questions were answered: 1)How to develop cultivation strategy of students' reflective learning ability based on the backward design pattern? 2)How to apply vlog to the strategy design based on this model as one of the tools? 3)How to verify the application effect of cultivation strategy of students' reflective learning ability based on backward design?Therefore,this study firstly sorts out related researches on the cultivation methods of reflective learning ability based on literature studies,and then summarizes the commonalities and deficiencies of existing training strategies.Secondly,it analyzes the concepts and specific implementation methods of backward design in depth,and finds the possible way to promote students' reflection in every stage.Integrating the experience of existing cultivation strategies,this study extracts a design path to cultivate reflective learning ability.Finally,through two rounds of experimental research,the designed cultivation strategy is applied in real classrooms.The research results show that the cultivation strategy of reflective learning ability based on backward design can help students achieve reflection and improve the level of it to a certain extent.The research mainly has following contributions: from the perspective of backward design,it redevelops cultivation strategy of reflective learning ability,which makes up for the deficiencies of traditional instructional design in cultivating this ability,and provides teachers with new curriculum design references;it utilizes a new media form—— vlog,and constructs a reflective vlog coding system,which broadens the choice of reflective evaluation tools.