The Research On The STEM Standards Of Practice For K-12 Stage In Maryland,USA

The U.S.government and education departments attach great importance to the overall improvement of STEM literacy of students in all stages,and have formulated some incentive policies and normative policies.Maryland,Massachusetts,California and other states have issued STEM standards with their own characteristics in combination with the Next Generation of Scientific Standards,and the Maryland was the first state issued STEM Education Practice Standards.In this paper,K-12 stage of Maryland “STEM Standards of Practice(write as “Standards” for short)” as the research object,mainly using text analysis,case analysis and comparative analysis.The study of this standard will help us to further think about the implementation of STEM education in primary and secondary schools,and provide some references for the practical teaching of primary and secondary school teachers in China.First of all,this paper introduces the background of the Standards,through the comparative analysis of the data of various tests,it is found that the STEM literacy of American students needs to be improved,the number of STEM talent needs to be improved,and the U.S.government gradually attaches moreimportance to K-12 stage STEM education.Secondly,after read the text of the Standard carefully,I sort out its objectives,implementation objects,basic framework and contents,and summarize the characteristics of the Standards on the basis of them: detailed decomposition of practice standards,progressive STEM education content and social oriented practice standards.Based on the analysis of specific curriculum cases in Maryland by combining the text of the standard,it is found that STEM curriculum projects in Maryland are designed according to the requirements of the Standards,integrated multi-disciplinary content according to the Standards,selected and innovated teaching methods according to the Standards,and established close relationship between curriculum and reality according to the Standards.On the basis of sorting out and analyzing the above contents,I think that the implementation of STEM education in primary and secondary schools in China can be started from the following aspects: to establish the overall and consistent standards of STEM Education Practice,to cultivate students' ability of“21st century type”,to design high-quality courses oriented to solving practical problems,to provide students with space for stem learning and self-exploration,and to build a networkresource sharing platform.