Research On Mathematical Operational Ability Of Junior Middle School Students Based On Key Competences

Under the background of the Curriculum Reform of Elementary Education,the cultivation of middle school students' quality has been attracting increasing attention in the educational circles.Centering on the cultivation of quality to adjust the course system and determine the teaching objectives of mathematics,the key competencies of mathematics have emerged at the right moment.As one of the key competencies of mathematics,the mathematical operational ability is the basic skill middle school students use to solve mathematical operational problems.Hence,middle school teaching should cultivate students' mathematical operational ability,which will directly affect students' learning efficiency and learning effect of mathematics.In order to better cultivate junior middle school students' mathematical operational ability,it is the choice of the times to integrate key competencies into concrete mathematical teaching.In order to understand the situation of the cultivation of junior middle school students' mathematical operational ability based on key competencies,the author took the students in the first grade of two junior middle schools with different teaching levels as the research object,deeply analyzed their mathematical operational ability,chose such four modules as rational number operation,algebraic expression evaluation,integral expression operation,and solving linear equations in one unknown as research carriers,and combined a questionnaire survey with paper tests to design and carry out the research.The main questions studied in the research include:1)What is the current status of first-grade students' mathematical operational ability in junior middle schools,and what are their weaknesses?2)What factors,including subjective and objective factors,affect middle school students' mathematical operational ability?3)How can the key competence of mathematical operational ability be effectively cultivated and what specific teaching strategies can be adopted?Based on reading a large amount of literature,sorting out and analyzing survey questionnaires,and analyzing the data results of the paper tests,the author summarized and deeply analyzed students' mathematical operational errors,found that junior middle school students' made such mistakes due to their fuzzy memory of basic concepts,poor ability to understand operational meanings and rules,lack of symbol awareness,and transformation difficulty from number to algebra.Integrating with the above analysis results,the author proposed corresponding suggestions for improvement and measures to solve the problems:1)guide students to learn the basic concepts of rational numbers based on real life;2)pay attention to the cultivation of students' symbol awareness in the teaching of rational arithmetic rules;3)strengthen the teaching of translation between words and mathematical symbols;4)guide students to further understand the meanings of numbers expressed by letters with the help of realistic situations;5)train students to understand the functional models through feeling the changing process of numbers;6)pay attention to students' basic activity experience and enhance their understanding of mathematical knowledge;7)develop students' good operational habits so as to avoid careless errors;8)create problem situations carefully and improve students' interest in learning;9)set problems skillfully and use these problems to guide students' inquiry learning;10)train students to draw inferences about other cases from one instance so as to develop their thinking ability.In general,the author drew on and referred to the theoretical research results related to mathematics teaching and the cultivation of key competences,combined the research with the author's own teaching experience in middle school,analyzed deeply first-grade students' learning ability and mathematical operational level in junior middle schools,and understood what factors will affect students' mathematical operational ability,hoping to provide reference for of ther math teachers and students for better teaching and learning effect of mathematics.