| With the development of urbanization and the continuous improvement of people's living standards,people pay more and more attention to their own quality of life,living environment and living conditions.Providing residents with a comfortable living environment,convenient transportation,rich cultural atmosphere,harmonious social environment and a prosperous economy have become the goals of modern urban development.However,with the acceleration of urbanization,the city will inevitably have a series of “inappropriate” problems.In the process of seeking solutions,domestic and foreign scholars have gradually discovered that improving urban livability is an effective scientific solution..Therefore,the study of livable cities has attracted more and more attention from scholars.Government departments have also begun to accelerate the construction of livable cities.The public has also raised a higher voice for the construction of livable cities.This paper takes 26 prefecture-level cities in North China and 2 municipalities directly under the Central Government of Beijing as the research object,and selects 33 indicators from five aspects: economic wealth,social harmony,life comfort,environmental beauty and cultural richness.The TOPSIS evaluation method is used to measure,and finally the comprehensive scores of urban livability levels in each city in 2007-2016 are obtained.It is found that the level of livability between cities is large and the development level is uneven.On this basis,the spatial evolution analysis of urban livability level and sub-dimension livability level was carried out in four time periods of 2007,2010,2013 and 2016,and the results were visually expressed by ArcGIS software.This paper analyzes the influencing factors affecting the spatial and temporal evolution of urban livability in North China,and finally puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the livability level of cities.(1)Time: In general,the livability of urban areas in North China is generally at a generallevel,and the urban livability development has a phenomenon of non-equilibrium,and the level of urban livability needs to be improved.In 2007-2016,the urban livability index in North China showed a gradual upward trend,but the rate of increase in different time periods was fast and slow.The difference in the level of livability between cities has shown an increasing trend with the development of time.The rankings of cities with high livability and low livability are relatively stable with little change.(2)In terms of space: on the whole,the urban livability level in North China has a significant spatial disparity and spatial polarization in the spatial distribution pattern,and a spatial distribution pattern of “two wings high and low middle” is formed in the space from northeast to southwest.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration with Beijing and Tianjin as the core has the highest level of livability,followed by Ordos City,Hohhot City and Baotou City.In terms of spatial distribution,the Beijing-Tianjin 2 city and the central city of Inner Mongolia have become the distribution areas with high livability levels,followed by livable level in Hebei Province and the lowest livable level in Shanxi Province;Hebei Province,the high-valued area with livability shows a trend of extending from the provincial capital Shijiazhuang to the northeast.The high-value areas of livability in Shanxi Province are mainly distributed in Jinzhong and southeastern Shanxi,showing the livability of cities south of Taiyuan.It is obviously higher than the distribution pattern of cities north of Taiyuan.In the spatial agglomeration,the hotspots are mainly distributed in the Bohai Sea region,and the cold spot areas are mainly distributed in Shanxi Province.In the comparison of sub-dimensions,the highest scores of life comfort,the lowest environmental beauty and social security scores,the geographical differentiation of the livable elements and the regional differentiation of urban comprehensive livability levels,there is no city in all dimensions The best is achieved within,and the ranking of each city in each dimension changes over time.(3)There are many factors that cause the spatial and temporal differences in the livability level of cities in North China.The level of livability is determined by multiple factors.Including location factors,natural environmental factors,economic factors,life comfort factors,environmental factors and social and historical factors.(4)Combined with the actual situation of the construction of livable cities in 26prefecture-level cities in North China and the two municipalities directly under the central government in Beijing,the paper puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures for the construction of livable cities in North China.First,pay attention to the early planning and sustainable development of livable cities;second,actively develop the economy based on its own actual situation;third,strengthen urban infrastructure construction and improve living comfort;fourth,focus on urban cultural facilities.The construction will enhance the cultural richness;the fifth is to pay attention to the protection of the ecological environment and make the environment more beautiful;the sixth is to increase social security and enhance social harmony. |
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