| Policy is the norm of behavior adopted by the state and the government to achieve specific goals,and the development of mass sports is inseparable from the guidelines and norms of the mass sports policy.This paper takes the changes of China's mass sports policy in the 40 years of reform and opening up as the research object,and uses literature data method,policy content quantitative analysis method,logic analysis method and other methods to study.It believes that the reform of China's mass sports policy in the 40 years of reform and opening up is divided into four stages : the exploration stage of mass sports policy(1978-1994),the legalization stage of mass sports policy(1995-2000),the stage of gradual improvement of mass sports policy(2001-2010),and the stage of reform and innovation of mass sports policy(2011-2018).At the same time,we quantitatively analyze the mass sports policies of our country at various stages,find out the characteristics and trends of China's mass sports policies,and thus point the direction for the development of mass sports in China.(1)Exploratory stage of mass sports policy(1978-1994): The mass sports policy explores in the process of bringing order out of chaos,proposes to popularize urban and rural mass sports,enhance the physical quality of the whole people,and create a new development goal of mass sports.During this period,the mass sports policy showed the characteristics of exploratory and pluralistic.However,no specific measures were taken in the policy documents and they could not be implemented.According to the results of quantitative research,it is found that the policy focus is on the development of mass sports activities,the training of talents by the State Sports Commission,and the reform of the national sports committee to actively lead the masses and leadership teams.(2)The legalization stage of the mass sports policy(1995-2000): The promulgation of the "Sports Law of the People's Republic of China" regulates the mass sports policy,clarifies the duties and rights of various departments,and effectively protects the rights and interests of the people.In order to establish a national fitness plan system,the "National Fitness Program Outline" was launched,and a series of supporting documents were issued around it.The mass sports policies of this period showed the characteristics of systemic,normative and diverse,and relevant measures began to popularize the whole people in the true sense.According to the results of quantitative research,it is found that the policy focus is on the reform of China's mass sports system,the construction of mass sports legalization,the development of urban community sports work and the implementation of national fitness and sports projects.(3)The stage of gradual improvement of the mass sports policy(2001-2010): The successful hosting of the Beijing Olympic Games has provided a major development opportunity for the mass sports in China.The mass sports work in China has achieved comprehensive and rapid development around the preparations for the Beijing Olympic Games.With the slogan of "National Fitness and the Olympics",the mass sports activities have been promoted.The mass sports policy aims to accelerate and improve the mass sports work and gradually improve the national fitness system.The mass sports policy of this period has been characterized by comprehensiveness,synergy and practicality.According to the results of quantitative research,it is found that the policy focus point is that the leading departments at all levels in the country actively promote the development of mass sports,the continuation of the national fitness program,the comprehensive monitoring of national physique,and the comprehensive coverage of mass sports policies.(4)The reform and innovation stage of the mass sports policy(2011-2018): The national fitness system has been basically completed,and China's mass sports industry has made great achievements.China has begun to change from a sports power to a sports power,but there are still many problems.The state continued to promote the "National Fitness Program" and proposed "Healthy China 2030" for the first time,striving to improve the physical quality of the whole nation,enhance the national awareness of physical exercise,and achieve the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way.The mass sports policy of this period has been characterized by deepness,scientificity and publicity,striving to adhere to the intensity of reform and opening up,and constantly innovating in reform.According to the results of quantitative research,it is found that the policy focus is to accelerate the reform of mass sports,the combination of health and medical care,the marketization of mass sports policies,and the national fitness programto raise the level of young people.Based on the results of analytical research,the recommendations for the future of China's mass sports policy are:(1)adhere to the "people-centered" development of mass sports;(2)adhere to the development strategy of coordinated sports and competitive sports;(3)Adhere to the government-led mass sports development path;(4)adhere to the construction of the national fitness system as a development feature;(5)adhere to mass sports with reform and innovation as the driving force;(6)adhere to the internationalization of mass sports Development vision. |
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