Research On The Elements Of Social Differentiation In Universities

With the great-leap-forward development of higher education in China,with increasing gross enrollment rate of higher education,the people‘s demand is gradually increasing for quality higher education.But China's high-quality education resources are limited.Since the expansion of colleges and universities,people pay more attention to educational opportunities for children in different social classes.The universities rely on privilege of granting diplomas,under by different orientations and objectives of talent training is driven,the quality of talent training is highly differentiated.And with the addition of the competitive differentiation in the job market,the role of choice in the process of social differentiation has become more prominent by enrollment,talent training and employment intentions of graduates.In the era of knowledge economy,universities rely on their monopoly power about diplomas to participate in social division of labor.To study the influencing factors of university social differentiation which is mainly to enrich the relationship between higher education and social development,and to clarify the role of universities in the era of knowledge economy for social development.On the basis of the above considerations,through explaining the core elements of the social differentiation function of universities one by one,this study analyzes the expressions of university social differentiation,then analyzes the influencing factors of university social differentiation from the national,social and individual aspect.According to the perspective of the type of institutions to analyze the influencing factors,selecting five types of institutions,including science and engineering,finance,comprehensive,teacher and agriculture and forestry.And randomly selected by four different levels of universities to collect the graduate employment quality report data in order to do statistical analysis,to enrich the research content and provide data support for the hypothesis of this study.This study is based on the hypothesis that “In the process of higher education from popularization to universalness,whether the university become a filter and accelerator for social differentiation by fulfilling the function of talent training? In the process of the great-leap-forward development of higher education,whether the university become propellant for social differentiation,become an organization the socialization knowledge production and reproduction?” First of all,the first part of the thesis has analyzed the connotation and core elements of the social differentiation function of universities.In the process of social development,universities influence social differentiation by recruiting students,training talents and awarding diplomas.The diplomas have standardized the qualifications of job and has become the basic condition for people to earn higher-level education.The university has participated in social differentiation through the monopoly of diplomas.Secondly,the second part of the thesis explains the specific expressions of social differentiation in universities from the aspects of students' colleges,professional choices,going after higher-level higher education and the choice of intergenerational education for children.Thirdly,the third part of the thesis analyzes the impact of internal school on social differentiation from the three dimensions,including discipline and professional differentiation,the establishment of a hierarchical talent training model and the role of the university as a major place for social life.Then according to market requirement,analyzing the influence of diplomas on career choices and the direction of the country,adjusting the direction of higher education development in time,and perfecting the higher education system.It analyzes the impact of the state and society on the social differentiation of universities;twenties different levels and types of colleges to collect the 2018 graduate employment quality report which in Beijing,Zhejiang,Henan,Heilongjiang,Hubei and Sichuan.On the basis of sorting out the research results,examining and using data of graduates of different types and levels of colleges by mathematical statistics and comparative research methods,and analyzing their distribution in employment,gender distribution and employment distribution to get different results because of the different sources of life,school education opportunities.It leads that the traditional professional has become an important way for the lower social groups to move upwards.Cultural capital is the important factors to obtain high quality educational resources for individual.Finally,the fourth part of the thesis puts forward suggestions to optimize the social differentiation of universities which based on the research results and conclusions.Through the study of the four parts,the study draws the following conclusions: In the process of rapid development of higher education,the university has become the center of society.Under the limited resources,the undergraduate(vocational)colleges become major route to achieve the main channel of flow to the upper echelons of society for the most lower-level society.And it has become an accelerator and filter for social differentiation.In view of this,China's higher education should continue to implement a hierarchical talent training model,encourage to develop feature specialty of local universities,deepen the cooperation between universities and enterprises,promote the talent training model of integration of production and education,provide practical learning opportunities for vocational college graduates and improve the employment competitiveness of vocational college students.Under the support and guidance of national policies,we will give play to the role of local grassroots organizations in promoting the implementation of policies,transforming people's traditional old-fashioned concepts,correctly understanding vocational education,seizing the opportunities of higher education and realizing the transformation of personal values and social status.At the same time,all levels of university graduates should change their employment concept,make a good job planning according to their personal interests and personality characteristics,improve their self-learning ability and personal ability improvement,actively participate in social differentiation in order to avoid passive learning and selection.With the joint efforts of the state,society and individuals,we will seek the biggest educational opportunity in order to promote the intensive development of higher education,meet the needs of high-end technical talents for social and economic development and strengthen the construction of higher education systems with Chinese characteristics.