The Evolution Of The History Textbook Auxiliary System In The First Volume PEP Of Junior High School(1978-2016)

Textbooks are the most important tools and carriers in history teaching.Teaching goals are largely achieved by textbooks.In the previous teaching reforms,the changes in textbooks are obvious,and the changes in the textbook auxiliary system of the textbooks are also obvious,playing an important role in promoting the diversification of teaching methods and stimulating students’ interest in learning.The text-assisted system of the "PEP" junior high school history textbook from 1978 to 2016 can be divided into three subsystems: "Guidance","Interpretation" and "Consolidation".From the three dimensions of the columns and the number,form and content of each subsystem,since 1978,the text-assisted system of the "PEP" junior high school history textbook has experienced four stages of development.Budding stage: each subsystem has fewer columns and a small number of forms,and the content is simple.Exploratory stage: The columns,quantity,and content of each subsystem have increased significantly.It tends to be mature: the column reaches its peak,the number falls slightly,and the content is rich.Maturity stage: Compared with the previous stage,the columns and numbers of each subsystem are stable,the form of expression is complete,and the content is rigorous.The textbook auxiliary system of the "PEP" junior high school history textbook has provided more and more convenience for teachers’ teaching and students’ learning in the course of the evolution of the past forty years.Among them,the "directory" of the "guiding system" helps students to clarify the structure of textbooks;"color pictures" help students understand the original features of historical relics;"introductory texts" guide students in the use of textbooks;"teaching prerequisites" enhances the inspiration of teaching;the "unit directory" and "unit lead" make the contents of each unit outline.The "illustration" of the "interpretation system" is easy to attract students’ attention and stimulate the enthusiasm of learning;"comments" reduce the obstacles for students’ self-study;"chronology" and "chronology of major events" can help students form the concept of time and space;"small characters" and "relevant historical events" help students understand the content of the text and provide materials for teachers’ lectures;"history materials" help to cultivate students’ empirical and historical interpretation skills.The“Question thinking ” and “Practice questions” of “Consolidation system”help students to sum up knowledge points and consolidate basic knowledge;“Activity Course” and “Activity and inquiry” help to cultivate students’ sense of innovation,practical ability and cooperation.In short,no matter at which stage,the textbook auxiliary system has the function that the main text system can’t replace.With the improvement of the textbook auxiliary system,the function is more and more comprehensive and more powerful.Although the development of the textbook auxiliary system in the past forty years is good,there are still some unsatisfactory things.Whether it is from the editor’s point of view,or from the perspective of teacher teaching,it needs attention.From the perspective of textbook writing,in the process of writing,the teaching practice of middle school history should be fully considered,and the practicality and operability of the textbook auxiliary system should be paid attention to;the overlapping content should be deleted,and the appropriate number of textbook auxiliary system should be set up;from multiple perspectives,Coordinate and unify the subsystems.From the perspective of teachers’ teaching utilization,the reasonable use of teaching methods can make up for the shortcomings in the preparation of textbook auxiliary system.In the teaching,teachers should select the textbook auxiliary subsystem suitable for students according to the teaching objects,and use the columns in combination;use thetextbook auxiliary system to cultivate students’ ability;the content of the textbook auxiliary system should be focused and trade-off;balance rigor and interest.