Investigation And Improvement Of Biology Experiment Teaching In Senior High School Based On Analysis Of New Curriculum Standard

The Biology Curriculum Standards in General Senior Middle Schools(2017 edition)highlights the development of the core competences of the students according to the characteristics of the biology discipline.Practice is emphasized more in biology experiment teaching,in which students are expected to explore the rules of life and its activities by doing the experiments and thinking about them by themselves.The biology experiment teaching in Senior Middle School embodies the abstract biology concept,which is reflected in the new Biology Curriculum Standards.The thesis adopts the Literature Research Method to analyze the literatures about the biology experiment teaching in Senior Middle School.Taxonomy is adopted to classify 30 experiments recommended in the Curriculum Standards and 34 experiments in the compulsory modules of the PEP Experiment Textbooks.Questionnaire and interviewing are used to explore the present conditions of the biology experiment teaching.Part of the students in Grade Two and all the biology teachers participated in the survey.Case analysis method is used to study three experimental cases.Excel 2007 is adopted to analyze the data of the questionnaires of the students and teachers.The results of the research are as followings:(1)The 30 experiments proposed by the The Biology Curriculum Standards of 2017 Edition is obviously far more than the 19 experiments required in that of 2003 Edition.By classifying the experiments,the author discovered: there are more exploratory experiments;the types of the experiments are more varied in the compulsory modules and the number of the experiments is also greater than the other modules.The assessing system highlights diversification and grading.From the analysis,the situations from Level 1 to Level 4 in whichproblems are supposed to solve are becoming more and more complex.The requirements from Level 1 to Level 4 which should be reached are becoming higher.(2)There are 34 experiments in the compulsory modules of the PEP Experiment Textbooks,of which 47.1% are in Module 1.These experiments in Module 1 are varied in types,which corresponds with the new Standards.The distribution of the experiment types is like this: Microscope,along with Material identification and extracting experiments is intensive in Module1;Module Construction and exploratory experiments are distributed evenly;Investigation experiments are comparatively less,which is mainly in Module.(3)The biology experiment teaching in Ordos Senior High Schools at present has progressed in a certain degree,yet there still remain many problems.The biology experiment is not attached great importance to;There is a lack of the fund to perform the experiment lessons;The lessons designed to do the biology experiments are not enough;There is also a lack of professional biology experimenter;The teaching tends to be based on explaining most of the time;The assessment stressed scores more than competence;Most of the students pay more attention to the exact experimental phenomena,but care little about the accuracy of the operation;The class is too large to manage;There are very few after-class experimental activities.(4)From three cases of "gene on chromosome","demonstrating osmosis by osmosis device" and "flow Mosaic model of biofilm",this thesis analyzes the specific implementation process of classic experiment,demonstration experiment and model construction experiment in high school biology,as well as the core competences of biology discipline that can be achieved.By transforming the teaching of classic experiments into the performing of classic experiments,students can personally experience the experimental inquiry process of scientists,which is helpful for students to master the methods of scientific inquiry and improve their ability of scientific inquiry.Change the leading role of the demonstration experiment,and let students operate according to the experimental design scheme,and carefully observe and explain the experimental phenomena according to the questions.This method can helpstudents improve their ability to observe the life phenomena.Using the experimental teaching method of constructing model can arouse students' initiative to learn.With the methods of building models in groups,displaying works in groups and mutual evaluation among groups,students are helped to establish the life concept that the function and structure are adapted to each other,developing the habit of scientific thinking.(5)In order to improve the teaching effects of biological experiment,this thesis successively proposed corresponding improvement schemes according to experimental types.The overall improvement can be made in the following aspects: expanding the types of biological experiments in senior high school,for example,in the experiment teaching,some classical experiments can be reproduced;Increasing the number of all kinds of experiments,especially the model construction and investigation experiments;Expand the opening time of the experiment,such as using holidays and weekends to carry out investigation experiments;The breaks between the classes can be made full use of to do part of the experiments.Then students' doing experiments is no longer limited to the laboratory;In accordance with the principle of easy access to experimental materials,simple methods,bold innovation,make the experiment closer to life.With the reform of quality education,biology experiment has been paid more and more attention to.Biology experiment teaching in senior high school will surely become a main,universal and regular teaching form.