Research On Maternity Insurance System Of Floating Population In Shanghai

In recent years,with the economic and social development and the intensification of urban aging,more and more floating population has entered Shanghai,becoming the main labor force of Shanghai's development.In contrast,the number of women of childbearing age has increased rapidly.Census data show that the number of women of childbearing age in the floating population from 2000 in 1.1342 million,surged to2010 in 3.481 million,accounts for the proportion of the total number of women rose to 14.2% from 31.2%,has significantly more than the household registration population the number of women of childbearing age and accounts for the proportion of the total number of women.This shows that the demand for maternity insurance brought by women of childbearing age in other provinces and cities due to an increase in childbirth in Shanghai is continuously expanding.Although the government departments have made several major adjustments to the maternity insurance system in response to this trend,they also intend to include the migrant population in the scope of the policy.However,in the process of system design,implementation and supervision,there are still some problems such as policies Coverage is not wide,authority and responsibility are not unified,inadequate supporting measures and other issues,resulting in the actual enjoyment of the floating population of maternity insurance "difficult" situation.With the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy and the change of the social insurance policy of the floating population,this trend is bound to intensify.Therefore,the problems in the birth insurance system of floating population must be effectively solved to protect the social security rights and interests of the floating population.In this paper,we carry out the research according to the logic thought of "current situation-problem-cause-countermeasures".First of all,the article reviews the establishment and development of the maternity insurance system for migrant workers in Shanghai,analyzes policy evolution and system status quo,and makes interviews with floating population to understand the cognition,insurance,handling and enjoyment of migrant workers.The study found that there are three major problems in the birth insurance system for the floating population in Shanghai: the unreasonable system design,the inadequate implementation of the system and the imperfect system supervision,which directly lead to the floating population facing unfair conditions while enjoying maternity insurance.The article then makes an objective analysis of the causes of the above problems,explores the root causes behind them,and then puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for the birth insurance system for floating population in Shanghai.The birth insurance system of floating population is an important part of social security development,which plays an important role in improving China's population quality and quality structure and maintaining social equity and stability.This study argues that in order to protect the reproductive rights and interests of the floating population,we must establish a set of practical system of institutions.First of all,we should perfect the system design of the maternity insurance for floating population,reasonably arrange coverage and treatment standards,and fully reflect the fairness and justice.Eliminate the difference of household registration,expanding the channels for migrant workers to enjoy the insurance;raise funds through multiple channels,adjust the standard of treatment;and increase male or unemployed spouse as the main body of enjoyment,making the reunification of rights and responsibilities.Second,we must standardize the implementation of the system,strengthen legislation,law enforcement and supporting measures.The government departments should focus on policy advocacy,legal system construction and policy implementation.Finally,it is necessary to raise the level of national coordination in order to improve the accountability of the floating population and supervise the system with efficient and feasible technical means and tough punitive measures so as to ensure the smooth operation of the floating birth insurance system.