Research On The Cultivation Of New Professional Farmers In Heilongjiang Province

With the acceleration of urbanization in China,rural laborers in large number move to cities and towns,and the aging phenomenon of the left-behind laborers is becoming more and more serious.Due to the unbalanced development of urban and rural areas,the dual economic structure is gradually obvious,and the income gap between urban and rural areas is gradually widening.In order to improve the plight of the low quality of rural labor force,ensure the national food security and provide ideas for the "three rural" issue,the "Document No.1 of the Central Committee" in 2012 first proposed to vigorously cultivate new professional farmers,cultivate and develop rural science and technology and practical talents.Since then,the"Document No.1 of the Central Committee" at seven consecutive years has been emphasized the importance of new-type professional farmers.The country should speed up the pace of Training New-type professional farmers and cultivate a number of new-type professional farmers who are "educated,skilled,capable of management and good management".Heilongjiang Province as the most important agricultural province in China,formally launched training of new professional farmers in 2012.After seven years of development,it has achieved brilliant results.Although the effect of farmer cultivation is remarkable,there are still some problems in many aspects.The main manifestations are slow progress in cultivation,low quality of cultivation and low enthusiasm of farmers to participate.These problems restrict the development of the cultivation of new professional farmers in Heilongjiang Province,and have a certain impact on the overall cultivation of farmers in the country.This paper defines the concept of new professional farmers,uses Marx's theory of human comprehensive development,labor's transformation theory,human capital theory and human capital investment theory,introduces the concept of human resources,analyses the cultivation model of new professional farmers in developed countries and regions such as North America,Western Europe and East Asia,the cultivation model of new professional farmers in China such as Ankang,Shaanxi Province,Huzhou,Zhejiang Province and Taicang,Jiangsu Province.Researched such areas' model of farmers' cultivation,and draw lessons from it.Based on the current agriculture and farmers' situation in Heilongjiang Province,use questionnaires,understand the cultivation status of new professional farmers and farmers'satisfaction on training.Use analytic hierarchy process to establish indicators,build a quality house model,and use fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to evaluate the training of new professional farmers provided by Heilongjiang Province,the evaluation results are good at grade 5.This paper clarifies problems on new professional farmers' cultivation in Heilongjiang Province,including the small number of new professional farmers,the inefficiency on the cultivating progress of new professional farmers and the lack of overall quality of new professional farmers.Comprehensively analyses the causes of cultivation problems,the internal causes are the low quality of farmers and farmers lack recognition of new professional farmers;the external causes include imperfect cultivation system,insufficient investment and support,single training content and mode,unclear criteria for identifying new professional farmers,unscientific selection of farmers' training objects,inadequate tracking and investigation of new-type professional farmers,and weak support of agricultural development for the cultivation of new professional farmers.From the perspective of human resources,this paper provides ideas for the improvement of cultural literacy,vocational skills and comprehensive quality of new professional farmers.Finally,.from five aspects include the rural human resources development the training system of new professional farmers,the training policy of new professional farmers,the certification standard of new professional farmers and the source channel of new professional farmers,put forward countermeasures to solve the problem of cultivating new professional farmers in Heilongjiang Province.