Analysis On The Evolution And Influence Factors Of Rural Settlement Pattern In The Farming-Pastoral Ecotone Of Jinbei

In the context of rural revitalization,analyzing the layout characteristics of rural settlements under specific natural geographical conditions and the influence of social economic policies on the evolution of settlement patterns is an effective way to solve the problem of rural settlements in the process of rapid urbanization.Rural settlements are the main carriers for the development of rural areas in the farming-pastoral ecotone of Jinbei.It is of great significance to promote the urbanization of Jinbei and the realization of rural revitalization by studying the spatial pattern evolution of rural settlements and the factors affecting the scale of settlements in the farming-pastoral ecotone of Jinbei.This paper takes Yanggao County,Datong City,which is located at the junction of three provinces,Shanxi,Hebei and Inner Mongolia Municipality,as a case study area.It uses many methods,including Statistical Analysis,Order-Scale Rule,Tyson polygon coefficient of variation,Nuclear Density,Geo-detector and Regression Model.The county's rural settlements are divided into agricultural and animal husbandry industrial areas from the township scale,and systematic comparative analysis is carried out from the perspectives of settlement space layout,agglomeration characteristics,density characteristics,scale-level evolution and settlement factors.It is found that there are significant differences between the rural settlements of Yanggao County and Yanjin County(typical plain agricultural areas).The full text draws the following conclusions:1.Compared with the existing research plains,the average plaques in rural settlements in Yanggao County are small and the density of plaques is sparse;the scale of adjacent settlements in Yanggao County varies greatly;the main distribution pattern of settlements is random distribution pattern.2.Statistics on the settlement area and population of agricultural and pastoral areas in Yanggao County: the increase in the area of agricultural settlements accounts for 116% of the increase in the area of the county's settlements;the reduced rural population in the county is mainly located in the pastoral townships,the reduction of population in pastoral town accounts for more than 85% of the county's population reduction.The average plaque area of the settlement in the agricultural area is longer than that of the pastoral area,while the per capita settlement plaque area of the agricultural area is smaller than that of the pastoral area.3.The difference in the quantitative density of the settlements in the agricultural and pastoral areas increases with time,and the difference in scale density decreases with time.The core area of the settlement number density is mainly distributed in the township center and the township junction;the region where the primary density core area is enlarged is mainly the agricultural township with better geographical location,while the density value of the edge mountain estuary where the pastoral township is located is decreasing..The cluster size density core area mainly shows the characteristics of evolution from multi-level core to monopole core,and the difference in scale density of each township is gradually narrowing.4.Most of the rural settlements in the farming and pastoral areas maintain a random distribution pattern,which changes little with time;the rural settlements distributed in a uniform form are usually located in the agricultural area,and the rural settlements distributed in the form of agglomeration are mainly located in pastoral areas with poor topographical conditions;there are differences in the reasons for the changes in the distribution pattern of settlements in farming and pastoral areas:agricultural areas with relatively superior geographic locations often create new immigrant villages,while pastoral areas are affected by natural disasters and national settlement policies.5.The results of the classification negative index model of the settlement area show that: the ratio of the adjacent colony area in the pastoral area is greater than that in the agricultural area,and is approximately 2 times;the ratio of adjacent settlement area in agricultural and pastoral areas has an increasing trend;the first settlement in the pastoral area has a significant scale advantage,while the first settlement in the agricultural area is an immigrant village;in the fitting curve,the colonies in the farming and pastoral areas have tails.The size of the settlement population is divided into different scales.The statistical results show that there are significant differences in the evolution characteristics of the population size of the farming and pastoral areas around 2005.From 1990 to 2005,it was the stage of increasing the number of large-scale and large-scale settlements in agricultural areas,and it was the stage of decreasing the number of small-scale settlements in pastoral areas;from 2005 to 2016,it was a stage for the conversion of agricultural areas and pastoral areas to small settlements and small-scale settlements.6.There are differences in the factors affecting the spatial distribution of settlements in farming and pastoral areas.The distribution of pastoral settlements around townships and roads is stronger than that of agricultural settlements;farmland settlements have characteristics that are significantly distributed around rivers,while pastoral settlements do not;the location conditions of the settlement of the agricultural area are better than that of the pastoral area.7.There are significant differences in the factors affecting the scale of settlement in farming and pastoral areas.The scale of settlements in agricultural areas and pastoral areas is mainly explanated by the area planted in the socio-economic variables and the total income of the rural economy.From the time series,the interpretation of the planting area on the scale of the settlement in the agricultural area has been large,and the interpretation of the total economic income on the scale of the settlement in the pastoral area has been increasing with time.The size of the settlement in the agricultural area is explanated by the elevation of the geographical location variable for a long time;the scale of pastoral settlement is mainly affected by the number of pigs,sheep and cattle in the socio-economic variables,and the variable interpretation and significance vary greatly with time.The impact of the merger of townships and on the size of settlements in agricultural areas and pastoral areas is significant,reflecting the significant changes in the model analysis before and after the township merger.The village merger is mainly for pastoral settlements,and the “village merger” has a significant negative interpretation of the scale of pastoral settlements.