Spatial Evolution Characteristics And Driving Factors Of Rural Settlement In Mao County,Sichuan Province

Rural settlement is the carrier of environment and cultural information,which can directly reflect the change of regional social culture and natural environment.Mao County is a typical ecological fragile area,which is the transition zone from high mountain valley to mountain plain.Its rural regional space is confronted with severe challenges such as frequent geological disasters,destruction of ecological environment,prominent human-land conflicts,and so on.The evolution characteristics and driving mechanism of rural settlements are worth discussing.Therefore,this paper selects Maoxian as the research area and selects four time nodes in 2000,2007,2011 and 2017,based on multi-temporal remote sensing images,rural socio-economic statistics and field investigation,relying on“3S”technology,combined with landscape analysis index,using a multi-disciplinary integrated research method combining qualitative and quantitative,and based on the analysis of the present spatial distribution of the rural settlements in Mao County,Based on the analysis of the present situation of the spatial distribution of the rural settlements in Mao County,the spatial evolution characteristics of the rural settlements in Mao County were systematically studied,the reasons for their formation were revealed,the driving factors of their evolution was deeply discussed,and some suggestions for optimization were put forward.(1)the present situation of the spatial distribution of the rural settlements in Mao County is analyzed.GIS spatial analysis is used to analyze the current spatial layout characteristics of rural settlements from the perspectives of distribution,scale and morphology.The results show that the rural settlements in Mao County have the spatial distribution characteristics of "uneven distribution and banded agglomeration",and the overall density is low,showing the spatial characteristics of "dense in the southeast and sparse in the northwest".The number and area of rural settlement patches decreased with the increase of elevation and slope at a certain range of elevations and slopes.In terms of scale characteristics,the size of settlements is inversely proportional to the number of settlements patches,and the land use scale has a strong correlation with the population size distribution.In the aspect of spatial morphological characteristics,the overall shape of rural settlements in Mao County is irregular and relatively complex.(2)The spatial evolution characteristics of rural settlements in Mao County from 2000 to 2017 were systematically studied.Gis spatial analysis and landscape pattern index analysis are used to study its evolution characteristics from three aspects: distribution,scale and morphology.The results show that: in the aspect of spatial distribution evolution,settlements continued to maintain agglomeration distribution pattern along roads and rivers;The settlements tend to cluster in areas with lower elevations and suitable slopes,and the influence of traffic main road decreases gradually with the increase of time.The density value of colony nucleus is increasing,but the overall density is low,and the distribution pattern of colony density changes from "small-scale multi-point" to "high-value concentrated band".On the evolution of space scale,the scale of rural settlement land in Mao County showed an expansion trend,and the increase of settlement scale was mainly in valley area.The hot spots of spatial scale change are mainly concentrated in the towns with better industrial foundation and the cities and towns with rich tourism resources in the study area.Most of the regional settlements are small-scale agglomeration distribution and the phenomenon of population urbanization is obvious.In terms of spatial form evolution,it develops towards an irregular trend,but its complexity has been reduced.There are five types of expansion: banded expansion,local cluster expansion,compact block or strip expansion,sector expansion,and irregular expansion.Some rural settlements in Mao County have some special phenomena,such as vanishing and emptying.(3)The influencing factors and driving factors of the evolution of rural settlements in Mao County are discussed,and puts forward some suggestions for optimization.Firstly,Firstly,the influencing factors on the evolution of rural settlements were briefly analyzed,on which the Logistic regression analysis method was used to calculate the importance of driving factors to the spatial evolution of rural settlements.Natural factors are the substrate of settlement development and play a restrictive and guiding role.The location factor plays a leading role.The socio-economic factors have accelerated,providing internal motivation and policy orientation for the evolution of the spatial structure of rural settlements,and mutation factor acts as a restriction.The spatial evolution of rural settlements in Mao County is the result of the comprehensive influence of various driving factors.Therefore,Mao County should strengthen the planning and construction of villages and towns,continue to relocate villages with safety risks,reconstruct and settle houses,and pay attention to the combination of settlement development and ecological protection.