| Executive Function(EF)is an individual's top-down psychological process in the process of completing tasks,which requires attention.It is an individual's intentional control and monitoring of consciousness and behavior.It includes three sub-functions,namely inhibitory Function,refreshing Function and conversion Function.Abnormal executive function will not only cause chaos in individual behavior,but also lead to decreased motivation level,planning and decision-making ability,etc.In serious cases,it will lead to decreased self-control ability and difficulty in attention transformation.Several studies have shown that overweight children show a variety of cognitive and behavioral deficits than normal children,such as poor academic performance and impulsive eating.Good executive function can lay a foundation for individual cognition and assist individuals to complete tasks better.If there are problems in executive function,the individual's physical and mental health will lead to a variety of problems.Studies have shown that the generation of aggressive behavior,adhd and learning disabilities are all associated with imperfect executive function.At the same time,imperfect executive function can also cause mental health problems such as attention deficit,loneliness and depression.It can be seen that good executive function can have a positive impact on the individual's cognition,psychological well-being and social communication ability.At the same time,a number of studies have found that it is closely related to the individual's mental health level and academic performance.In order to find effective means to promote the healthy development of the executive function of overweight children,and to reveal the effect of different duration of exercise on the executive function of overweight children,this paper provides evidence for the scientific design of physical activity programs to improve the executive function of overweight children.In this study,80 overweight primary school students in grade 4 and 5 were selected from the results of physical health test of experimental primary school in X city.There are 40 students in grade 4 and grade 5 and 40 students in grade 5 and 40 students in grade 5.The subjects were divided into an experimental group of 40 people and a control group of 40 people.They were the 20-minute exercise experimental group,the 20-minute exercise control group,the 40-minute exercise experimental group and the 40-minute exercise control group.The exercise time of the experimental group referred to the basic part of the actual physical education curriculum and the activity course time.The sports intervention items were consistent,and the same teachers intervened at a fixed time and place.The students in the control group were taught in a quiet classroom.Before the experiment,the executive function of the subjects was measured by the computer system with the e-prime1.1 program.The measurement is in a fixed order: Flanker task is used to evaluate the inhibition function,1-back task is used to evaluate the refresh function,and more-odd shifting task is used to evaluate the transformation function.Repeated measures anova and univariate anova were used to investigate the effects of short-time moderate intensity exercise on the executive function and its sub-functions of overweight primary school students.The results showed that the overall improvement of executive function in overweight children was related to the duration of exercise.For example,the overall improvement of executive function in overweight children was better with 40 minutes of exercise than with 20 minutes of exercise.Meanwhile,the effect of short-term exercise intervention on various sub-functions of executive function was also related to the duration of exercise.For example,the effect of 40-minute exercise group on inhibitory function was significant,while the effect of 20-minute exercise group was not.Both the 40-minute and 20-minute exercise groups had significant effects on the refresh function,but there was no significant difference between the two groups.Neither the 40-minute exercise group nor the 20-minute exercise group had significant effect on the conversion function,while the 40-minute exercise group had significantly better effect than the 20-minute exercise group.Conclusion :(1)the 20-minute and 40-minute moderate exercise in this experiment can improve the overall executive function of overweight primary school students.(2)duration is one of the influential factors that exercise plays a positive role in the executive function of overweight primary school students;(3)the effects of short and moderate intensity exercise of 20 minutes and 40 minutes on the overall executive function and each sub-function of primary school students are different,and the intervention of 40 minutes can improve the inhibition and refresh function of overweight primary school students. |
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