The Research On The Implementation Of Rural Teacher Support Policy In The Perspective Of T.B.Smith Model

Under the background of promoting the educational modernization in China,it has become increasingly important to build a high-quality rural teaching team and develop good rural education.In order to stabilize rural teachers and improve the quality of rural education,on June 1,2015,the General Office of the State Council issued Rural Teacher Support Program(2015-2020)(hereinafter referred as Program).Since the promulgation of the Program,it has drawn wide public concern.So what is the effect of the policy implementation since its promulgation? And what are the problems in policy implementation?Aiming at the above questions,this paper investigates the effect of the policy implementation of the Program on the teachers in four rural primary and secondary schools in T town and W town of Shandong Province.Based on Smith policy implementation process model,this study focuses on four major factors influencing policy implementation(the factors of policy itself,the executive body,target group and the execution environment of policy)to analyze the problems arising in the implementation of the Program.With questionnaire survey and interview method,we select teachers from four primary and secondary schools randomly in Q and W towns of T City in Shandong Province,and distribute the self-compiled questionnaire "Investigation on the Implementation Status of the Rural Teacher Support Program" according to the content of the policy text of the Program and Smith model.In view of the effects of the policy implementation in T City,the rural teachers' supplementary channels are expanded,the urban-rural teacher exchange system is strengthened,the teacher's overall morality level is raised,the teacher training support model is broadened,and the rural teachers' treatment is improved.According to the Smith model theory,from the analysis of the four factors affecting policyimplementation(policy itself,executive body,target group,and execution environment),it is found that there are four problems in the policy implementation of rural teacher support program: a lack of scientificity in the policy text,low efficiency of the executive body,the teacher's negative response to the policy,and lower matching of the resource required for policy implementation with policy implementation itself.Grounded on the Smith model theory,from the analysis of the four factors affecting policy implementation,it is discovered that the factors affecting the implementation of the Program in T city mainly include the following four aspects.First,the policy itself lacks clarity,coordination and stability;Second,the executive body has unclear authority and fuction,and executives have poor quality for the policy implementation;Third,the policy target groups lack the identity for the “rural teacher” and have low willingness to teach in the long term,without a correct understanding of the policy;Fourth,there exist gaps in the monitoring mechanism in the policy implementation environment and insufficient resources for policy implementationBased on the analysis of policy implementation problems,policy attribution analysis,as well as the Smith model theory,the solutions to the dilemma of rural teachers' support policy implementation are proposed.First,in terms of policy itself,it is necessary to enhance the clarity of policy texts as well as the coordination and stability of policy.Second,in terms of policy implementation agencies,it is requisite to clarify the functions and powers of executive body,improve the ability of policy executives,and strengthen the publicity of policies.Third,in terms of target groups,it is indispensable to promote the rural teacher identity and to make them participate in policies actively.Fourth,in terms of the implementation environment,it is essential to establish an independent supervision system and improve the public supervision system.