Redevelopment Model Of The Eastern Dalian Port Areas And Its Social Impacts On The Neighboring Communities

Waterfront redevelopment refers to the urban-oriented development of the original port land after the relocation of the old port facilities in the central area,which is domestically known as "old port area urbanization transformation".Waterfront redevelopment started in North America in the 1960 s.Since the mid-1990 s with the participation of port cities in developing countries,it has evolved into a global trend.On the one hand,since China's entry into WTO in 2001,the throughput of coastal ports(goods and containers)has increased rapidly,which has put forward higher requirements for the throughput capacity of the old port areas located in the core of the port city.Coastal ports have opened new ports or specialized terminals on the coast of the city edge(with larger water depth and vast land)to cope with the large-scale and containerization of ships in the maritime industry.On the other hand,the radical development of China's real estate development activities since 2003 has resulted in significant functional transformation and spatial reconstruction of various cities in China.As a concentration area of population and economic factors,the spatial and functional transformation facing eastern coastal port cities is more prominent,especially in the waterfront(old port)which is located in the center of the port city.Under the above dual background,11 coastal port cities in the mainland of China have started the redevelopment of waterfront areas.However,because the old harbor area is generally located in the core of the harbor city and has great historical heritage value,the old harbor area and adjacent communities(such as the concentrated residence of dock workers)still have traditional social and economic links with the landscape.Therefore,how to avoid many urban phenomena(such as "gentrification",forced migration,social isolation or stratum differentiation)which are incompatible with the socialist system in the process of urban renewal in western countries in the 1960s-1970 s,and how to realize the social sustainability of the redevelopment of the waterfront area of the port city in China are urgent problems to be solved.In view of this,taking the eastern Dalian port areas as an example,this paper confirms the operational and functional model of the redevelopment of the eastern Dalian port areas through field investigation and map expression.It is believed that the redevelopment of theeastern Dalian port areas is a functional model under the leadership of the government and the joint operation of the government and developers,with residential and commercial business as the main part and cultural recreation as the supplement.Then the social impact of the redevelopment model on the neighboring communities around the eastern Dalian port areas was analyzed by questionnaire and Likert scale.It was found that the redevelopment model had a positive impact on social identity,(transportation)accessibility,natural environment and recreational experience,but had no significant impact on the quality of life.Finally,in order to promote the sustainable redevelopment of the eastern Dalian port areas,corresponding suggestions are put forward from the aspects of public facilities,transportation,public service facilities in neighboring communities,and redevelopment operation mode.It is hoped that the case study in this paper can provide reference for other domestic coastal port city waterfront redevelopment activities.