Research On The Influence Of Education Mismatch On The Income Of Rural Household Labor

Education is a long-term endeavor and an important way to improve people’s income levels.While national budget for education keeps rising with total investment of more than 1 trillion yuan and increasing rate of 4 percent year on year,there is a huge difference between rural areas and urban areas in terms of endeavor.The low payback rate of education for labors(rural residents and migrant workers)in rural areas not only enlarge income unbalance between rural residents and urban citizens but also divert the track of adopting targeted measures of education to help people lift themselves out of poverty push by government.Therefore,it is very important to solve the education problems of rural labor and help them improve their education income.From the existing research on the benefits of education we can see that the estimation of the earning rate on education is numerous,but it is unstable,showing a trend of ups and downs.One of the most important reasons is a mismatch of education,specifically including over-education and insufficient education.This paper aims to specifically study the impact of education mismatch on the income of rural labor,and propose reasonable countermeasures based on the research results to help narrow the income gap between the urban-rural dual structure.Therefore,based on the 2013 CHIP data,this paper studies the current education mismatch of rural household labor and its impact on income.Firstly it analyzes the current situation of the education mismatch of rural household labor force in China through qualitative analysis and average method,which concludes that there is an education problem of “over-education” and “insufficient education” in the rural labor and the migrant labor market of China.Then,by adopting the standard Mincer equation,D-H model and V-V model,this paper analyze the income effect of the education mismatched all rural household labor(rural residents and migrant workers)through SPSS21.0 software.Here is the conclusion:(1)the excessive education and insufficient educationmismatch of education-are widely exist in all rural labor market,and there is an asymmetry between the proportion of education and education.The lack of education in the young rural labor is serious,and the traditional customs of depriving women from education make the matters even worse.(2)According to the regression results of the three models,the educational return rate of the rural labor is positive,but the ignorance of educational mismatch will underestimate the actual educational rate of return.(3)According to the D-H model,enterprises are willing to pay extra wages when the rural labor are over-educated,and reduce their salaries when education is insufficient to ensure efficient allocation of resources;(4)According to the VV model,there is an education income discount(the wage penalty)and income premium of insufficient education(the wage dividend)considering all of the rural labor and rural residents.Only when studying the migrant workers group,the education excessive wage premium can be found while the result is no obvious.In summary,the government should start from institutional reform,industrial structure,and government services to improve the current situation of educational mismatches in rural labor groups;Enterprises should actively provide job information,reduce the frequency of information asymmetry between workers and employers,and establish talent identification and multi-level reward and punishment mechanisms to improve the optimal allocation of resources;Primary and secondary schools should pay attention to the fundamental education of rural labor,and universities and higher vocational colleges should improve their education quality and cultivate qualified professional or technical talents that suit the talent market;For rural laborers themselves,it is necessary to establish a correct concept of career choice,improve their education levels,and choose a suitable job to improve their income level.