Design And Practice Research On The Curriculum Content Of STEAM Education In Primary Schools

STEAM is the abbreviation of Science,Technology,Engineering,Arts and Mathematics.It is a multi-disciplinary educational concept.STEAM education is an idea derived from the cultivation of talents with innovative ability,Computational Thinking and ability to solve comprehensive problems.The main way to cultivate talents is education,and the carrier of educational knowledge is curriculum.Therefore,STEAM education curriculum has become an upsurge of research from all walks of life.As the birthplace of STEAM education curriculum in the United States,since 1986,STEAM has experienced the test of time and teaching from concept to curriculum,which is relatively mature.Comparatively speaking,the STEAM education curriculum in China has been developing for a short time since 2007.Although all kinds of STEAM courses are flourishing everywhere,the lack of solid theoretical research leads to the poor integration of disciplines and the single content of STEAM curriculum in China.Based on this kind of problem,this paper puts forward a research on the curriculum content of STEAM education in primary schools,which is based on core literacy,project learning as the main way and based on the "SOIKA" design process,and designs corresponding cases to test whether the process of STEAM curriculum content design is reasonable through small-scale practice.Firstly,starting from the research background,this paper studies the current situation of STEAM curriculum at home and abroad,analyses the existing literature,and summarizes the existing problems of primary STEAM curriculum and the purpose and significance of the research.Then,based on project learning,constructivism and other related theoretical foundations,find out the relationship between STEAM courses and disciplines.Combining with Professor Yu Shengquan’s three integration orientation concepts of "life experience","subject knowledge" and "learner-centered",this paper puts forward five steps of "SOIKA" primary school STEAM curriculum content design process of "Determining Subject","Defining Objectives and Capabilities","Item Design","Selecting Knowledge points" and "Design Activities".According to the five-step process of "SOIKA",this paper designs the theme case of "My Secret Garden",which includes four projects: intelligent flower beds,intelligent water purification system,construction of greenhouse garden and garden recycling system.At the same time,it defines the training objectives and abilities of the case theme,the sub-objectives of the sub-projects and the selection of sub-project knowledge points,and then designs the activity outline of the "intelligent hundred flower beds" project in detail.In order to verify the reasonableness and effectiveness of the design of the case project,this research has carried out the teaching practice of "Intelligent hundred flower beds" project.In the process of implementation,after each activity,it summarizes and evaluates,analyzes the problems in the implementation,and then adjusts the design of the next activity,so as to make the curriculum implementation more scientific and effective.In teaching practice,this study uses process evaluation to evaluate students’ learning process,and after the end of teaching practice,it uses multiple evaluation methods to evaluate students,teachers and courses,and then forms accurate evaluation results.The process design and case practice of this study have achieved initial success,which shows that the STEAM education curriculum designed according to the "SOIKA" five-step process can improve students’ practical ability,innovative ability,Computational Thinking and comprehensive ability to solve problems.This study attempts to provide a new idea for the curriculum content design of primary STEAM education,so that the design of primary STEAM curriculum content is more systematic and standardized.However,due to lack of experience,there are still some shortcomings,such as lack of detailed design of activities and fewer people to implement them.In the future research,the activity design will be improved in order to bring new vitality to the STEAM curriculum in primary schools,and to really play its due value.