Research On The Social Integration Of Immigrant Children In Italy

Under the background of economic globalization,the world's population flows are becoming more and more frequent,immigrant children are the subgroups of immigrant population.The integration of immigrant children in society is not only related to their own long-term development,but also to the economic development and social stability of the countries all over the world.With the increase of the number of immigrant children,its social integration gradually becomes the focus.Italy,a member of the European Union,is also a key location in the Mediterranean,affected by economic and international forms,changes from emigration into immigration.The transformation of the population flow pattern and the rapid increase in the number of immigrant population have brought a series of challenges to the government and society.The increase in the number of immigrant children and the diversity of the country of origin have a certain impact on their social integration.Based on the existing literature,this paper studies the background,current situation,influencing factors and countermeasures of Italian immigrant children's social integration to understand international forms and learn from the experience.This paper is divided into six parts.The first part of the paper is the introduction,which mainly includes the presentation of questions,research significance,literature review,theoretical basis and research method.The presentation of questions narrates the background of the research and the reasons for the topic selection.The research significance mainly involves the theoretical level.Literature review is mainly related to four aspects,the definition of immigrant children,the definition of social integration,studies on social integration of immigrant children in Italy and foreign research on mental health of immigrant children.The theoretical basis includes acculturation theory,psychological needs theory and multiculturalism theory.The research method is mainly literature research method and comparative research method.The second part of the paper is about social integration background of the immigrant children in Italy,from two perspective which is the change of flow pattern and the structure of the immigrant population composition,this part analyzes the background that Italian government is lack of the experience for dealing with the rush number of immigrant children and the composition of immigrant population is diversified.The third part of the paper is the current situation of the social integration of Italian immigrant children,mainly including the status of policy,the status of family,the status of education and the status of health.The policy status mainly combed the policy of Italy from the beginning of formulate relevant policies so far,including the basic laws that were formulated at the beginning of the 20 th century but have been used till today,the revised laws that limit the entry conditions and crack down on illegal immigration,and the laws for apply for citizenship that are affected by the refugee crisis and jus sanguinis,as a whole Italian policies have certain security and specifications of immigrant children,but also have problem of the rejection to illegal immigrant children's and the difficulty to obtain citizenship for immigrant children.Family status is elaborated from three aspects,the accommodation,employment and welfare,the accommodation status of immigrant children in Italy is affected by the economic policy and is relatively poor,their parents status in the labor market is at a disadvantage and is by certain discriminated,the relevant public welfare because of the high heterogeneity of the local is also inadequate protection,overall the family status is not so good.Education status is summed up as four points,the first is the low enrollment rate and high dropout rates of different education stage,the second is the increasing risk of academic delay and grade,the third is educational ambition inclined to vocational schools or work,the fourth is the academic achievement of gap among reading,science and mathematics,overall the educational integration is in poor condition.The health status is mainly from the perspective of physical health and mental health,and it is found that there is a general difference in the health status of the immigrant children,and their mental health problems have not been paid enough attention.The fourth part of the paper is the influence factors of the social integration of immigrant children in Italy,which is mainly analyzed from four aspects: origin country difference,family characteristics,school environment and personal identity.Analyze that the differences in origin countries influence school orientation,the risk of dropped out of,the education aspiration for the immigrant children,then analyze the influence factors such as the family economic condition,the length of time that arrival in Italy,the family members,the education ambitions in peer,the school settings about academic delay,the relationship network between school teachers and students,between peers,between parents and school,and the complexity of personal identity.The fifth part of the paper is the social integration strategy of immigrant children in Italy,firstly introducing relevant laws to guarantee the rights of education of immigrant children,secondly set up language curriculum to provide support for the language integration of immigrant children.In addition,contain different cultural religions,protect multicultural and promote the integration of multi-cultural.Finally,the national government supports education and strengthens the connection between schools and immigrant families.The sixth part of the paper is the enlightenment to our country from the social integration of immigrant children in Italy,combining with the study of the social integration of immigrant children in Italy and the explore of the challenges the immigrant children face with in our country,we put forward three main experience for reference,respectively is to strengthen teachers' training and pay attention to the immigrant children's mental health education,strengthen school construction and create campus multicultural environment,strengthen family support and focus on unaccompanied children growing up.