A Text Analysis Of Science History In Physics Textbooks For Junior Middle School

The history of science is more and more concerned by science education.The educational value of history of science has been recognized by many scholars.To integrate science history into science curriculum has become a key goal of curriculum reform.The analysis of the history of science in junior high school physics textbooks can not only help the physics textbook writers organize the physics textbooks more reasonably,but also help the physics teachers to better integrate the history of science in the classroom.This thesis draws on two theoretical analyzes of the history of science in the text by drawing on the theoretical framework of the Leite's history of science in Portugal and the historical framework of cultural and historical activities.First of all,draw lessons from Leite's analytical scale combined with our junior high school physics textbooks,The textbooks are macroscopically studied from five main dimensions and the second dimension of the selection of the material of the physical history,the presentation of the material of the physical history,the background of the physical history,the positioning of the physical history contents,the learning activities of the history of the physical history the study.On this basis,Michiel van Eijck's analysis of the activities of scientists is used to conduct microscopic research on the activities of scientists in textbooks from four aspects.They are:(a)the goal of scientific practice is to be independent of the expected or expected of human activities;(b)the individual actions of scientists aiming to create non-tangible tools and rules by observing,modifying,or manipulating a given,tangible object;(c)scientific practice is not isolated;(d)cooperation and division of labor in scientific groups.Finally,in order to allow students to better understand the scientists in the history of science,we studied the construction of the image of scientists in Chinese middle school physics textbooks.The study found that the description of The Physiologist's Life is too small and too simple;physical achievements and the development of the history of physics are more;scientists are mostly foreign male scientists;most of the history of the physical history of the show is modern;history of physics in the distribution of non-uniform chapters;textbooks and picture in the form of a combination of high rates;the narrative form of the history of physics is mainly described;the methods of science used by physicists are mainly experimental methods;and the history of physics appears mainly in the form of reading.In scientific practice:the result of scientific practice has been set before scientists have taken any action;it tends to describe scientists' personal actions roughly;independence of scientific practice;seldom refers to the cooperation of others and the division of labor between the relations of cooperation.An empirical study of the PEP Junior High School physics textbooks shows that the textbook presents a scientist image that is basically in line with the stereotypes of students and falls into the category of Eurocentrism and Masculinocentrism.Scientists in the book time span is small,scientist image is not full and three-dimensional.Based on the above research results,this thesis for textbook writers and secondary school physics teachers' made a number of recommendations.