Study On Effects Of Entrepreneurship On Employment

With the changes of the times and economic development,governments of all countries in the world are increasingly concerned about the importance of entrepreneurial economy.An important feature of the rise of entrepreneurial economy is that the main bodies created by jobs are transferred from large companies and large institutions to small and medium-sized startups.Fast-growing entrepreneurial companies have gradually become a new driving force for economic development and employment growth.At present,China is gradually forming a positive development concept of "entrepreneurship-driven employment".Under this line of thinking,governments from the central government to the local governments at all levels have introduced a series of policies to promote entrepreneurship and employment,highlighting the directional and propensity of the entrepreneurial economy in expanding employment.However,in sharp contrast with the rapid implementation of the policy,the relevant domestic research lags behind and lacks.At present,domestic scholars only study the employment effect of entrepreneurial activity from a static perspective,that is,the direct impact of entrepreneurship on current employment.In fact,the impact of entrepreneurial activity on employment is a rather complex and dynamic process.Entrepreneurship during the current period not only has an impact on the current employment but also indirectly affects the latter's employment.In addition,there has been a large number of comparative studies on the impact of different types of businesses on employment in recent years,but most studies are simple data comparisons without considering indirect effects.Based on this,this study examines the impact of entrepreneurship on employment on a time-series basis,uses a combination of theoretical and empirical methods to study its mechanism of action,and clarifies how entrepreneurship "leads" employment and analyzes different types of entrepreneurship.In the theoretical part,the mechanism of the effect of entrepreneurial activity on employment on time is elaborated on the basis of economic logic.The mechanism includes job creation effect,indirect crowding-out effect and indirect market expansion effect,and provides theoretical support for the empirical part.In the empirical part,based on the panel data of 30 provinces and municipalities from 2000 to 2015 in China,this paper uses the fixed effects distribution lag model and Almon polynomial method to analyze the trend and size of the overall entrepreneurial activity on employment.On the basis of this research,we divide entrepreneurship into opportunistic entrepreneurship and subsistence entrepreneurship based on the motivation of entrepreneurship,and further to explore the differences in the employment effects of different types of entrepreneurship.The final study shows that in the labor market in China,the impact of entrepreneurship on employment has a significant driving effect.Its impact is the organic unity of direct effect and indirect effect,and the overall trend of influence presents "S" type distribution.In the early stage,the post creation effect of the entrepreneurial activity is quite significant,which will lead to employment growth.In the medium term,the crowding-out effect caused by the entrepreneurial activity will be rather obvious,which will undermine employment.In the latter part of the period,the market expansion effect of the entrepreneurial activity will dominate and will once again promote employment.In addition,the employment effect of opportunistic entrepreneurship is more significant than that of viable entrepreneurship and contributes more to employment growth.Finally,based on the conclusion of the study,some enlightenments and suggestions are provided for the effective implementation of the policy of "starting a business and bringing jobs" in our country.Policymakers should pay close attention to the indirect market expansion effect created by start-ups,and improve the quality of start-ups and the effectiveness of market mechanisms,promote entrepreneurial restructuring and give full play to the leading role of entrepreneurship in creating jobs.