Research On Zhang Penghe's Poems Of Bashu Literati In Qing Dynasty

Zhang Penghe(1649-1725),who styled himself as Yunqing and Kuanyu,and he was given the posthumous title “Wenduan”.He is from Suining,Sichuan,and was admitted as a Jinshi in the 9th year of Kangxi.He remained official until the prime minister,was an outstanding literati,expert at regulating rivers,politician,educator,calligrapher and diplomat in the Bashu region of the Qing Dynasty.He crossed the 3dynasties of Shunzhi,Kangxi and Yongzheng.He was active mainly in Kangxi Era,and he witnessed the process from the reunification to the prosperity of the Kangxi Dynasty.For more than 50 years as a government official,Zhang Penghe has held more than 20 important positions.He was the famous honest and upright official,and was praised by Emperor Kangxi as “the most upright official in the world,and there will be no others”.He was the most prominent Shu person in the year 268 of the Qing Dynasty,who has the most promising political achievement and the most famous figure.As a literati,Zhang Penghe was well educated,knew thorough history of all the classics,and wrote more than 30 masterpieces.His more than 600 existing poems are extensive,rich in emotion and of high quality.The academic world has not yet carried out a systematic study of Zhang Penghe's poetry.This article relies on the “Complete Works of Zhang Wenduan from Suining” to analyze and explore from Zhang Penghe's life and travels,the ideological content of poetry,and the artistic achievements of poetry,in order to have a more comprehensive recognition of Zhang Penghe's poems.This article is structured in 3 parts:The first part is to sort out Zheng Penghe's life stories,travels,and writings.First of all,based on “the Manuscript of Qing History”,the historical materials collected by people after Zhang Penghe,and the literature of studying Zhang Pengyu's life,I divides Zhang Penghe's life into two stages: studying in his young age and entering the government as an official,to analyze the background of his poetic creation related.Later,through various historical materials,works about Zhang Penghe's life,and “the Complete Works of Zhang Wenduan from Suining”,I will research on his companies while traveling.It mainly focus on sorting out the representative objects that had close relationship with him,and analyzing their influence on Zhang Penghe's poetry by researching on their friendships.Finally,the statistical classification of Zhang Pengzheng's writings.The second part focuses on analyzing the content of Zhang Penghe's poems combining with his life stories.According to the ideological content of the poems collected in “the Complete Works of Zhang Wenduan from Suining”,it is divided in to 4major categories: patriotism and caring for the people,tourism,giving to family and making friends,nostalgia and retirement.It also specifically analyzes the content and personal emotion expressed in each part of the poem.The third part analyzes the artistic achievements of Zhang Penghe's poetry.This mainly explores the artistic achievements of Zhang Penghe's poetry from literary value,artistic technique and style characteristics.From literary value,Zhang Penghe expressed himself directly in the poems.He was a spiritual poet in early Qing Dynasty.His spiritual style of poem held a unique place in poetic work in early Qing Dynasty.He not only inherited the literary proposition of the "spiritual theory" of the Gongan School in the late Ming Dynasty,but also had a certain influence on the later spiritual poets.In terms of artistic technique,using allusions of nature and direct writing were the most prominent features of Zhang Penghe's poetry creation.Under the influence of extensive contents and diverse emotions,his poems had formed two major features: natural simplicity and generosity.As a celebrity of Bashu in Qing Dynasty,most of the predecessors mainly studied Zhang Penghe's political achievements and characters.This article makes a systematic analysis of Zhang Penghe's poems to fill the gaps in his literary research.what's more,a large number of Zhang Penghe's poems were created during his life in Bashu area.Researching his poems can also provide relevant literature materials for the study of Bashu local literature to a certain extent.