A Study On The Comparison Between Synonymous Adverbs “Zhi Hao” And “Zhi De”

Modal adverbs “Zhi hao” and “Zhi de” are a group of synonyms that have the same meaning in the dictionary.They all express event originator’s “regretfully” and “unwillingly” subjective emotion,but they have differences in actual applications.Based on the comparison between “Zhi hao” and “Zhi de” in the syntactic and semantic aspect,this thesis analyzes these two words’ difference between subjective quantity and subjective evaluation in emotional performance with the help of subjective theory in cognitive linguistics,and summarizes the cognitive similarities and differences between these two words.This thesis includes five chapters:The first chapter is the introduction of this thesis.It briefly explains the existing situation,content,significance,method,theory and corpus source of this research.The second chapter is the investigating of syntactic.This chapter compares the syntax of “Zhi hao” and “Zhi de” from three aspects: syntactic structure,co-occurrence with other adverbs,continuous using with dynamic auxiliary words.And then statistically analyzes the syntactic structure frequency of “Zhi hao” and “Zhi de”.The third chapter is the analyzing of semantic.This chapter compares the similarities and differences between “Zhi hao” and “Zhi de” in terms of semantic features and semantic orientation.In the semantic features aspect,this paper summarizes that “Zhi hao” has semantic features of [+restricted concessional] [++subjective will] [+unique result] [+active choice] [-obligatory] and “Zhi de” has semantic features of [++restricted concessional] [+subjective will] [+unique result] [-active choice] [±obligatory].In addition,we use the method of controlling variables to summarize the semantic features collocating components with “Zhi hao” and “Zhi de”.In the semantic orientation aspect,this paper summarizes that “Zhi hao” and “Zhi de” both has the semantic orientation feature to anaphoric refer subject and cataphoric refer central language and object.The fourth chapter is the subjective investigation.This chapter makes a comparative research of “Zhi hao” and “Zhi de” in two aspects: the cognitive performance of expressing common emotions and the subjective performance.As a result of expressing the same emotional cognition,“Zhi hao” and “Zhi de” can be interchanged in most situations.However,they have differences in the using process,so the subjective performance is different.The subjective differences between “Zhi hao” and “Zhi de” are mainly as follows: In the emotion side,the subjective emotion manifested by “Zhi hao” is stronger than “Zhi de”;In the subjective quantity side,the achieving effect of “Zhi hao” is lower than “Zhi de” but “Zhi hao” has a stronger subjectivity;In the degree performance side,the subjective evaluation level represented by “Zhi hao" is higher than “Zhi de”;In the using process side,“Zhi hao” is a pragmatic negation which shows stronger subjectivity,and “Zhi de” is a semantic negation especially to truth value condition which is more objective;In the cognitive choice side,“Zhi hao” means active choice and “Zhi de” means passive choice.The fifth chapter is a conclusion which summarizing the viewpoints of the full thesis and pointing out the deficiencies of this research.