Translating Scientific Literature On Cybersecurity From English To Chinese Under The Guidance Of The Text Typology Theory

With the rapid development of cyber application in modern society,the security problem has been attracting increasing attention.In China,the importance attached to the cybersecurity has been promoted to the extent of being a critical part of the national strategy.The acknowledgement and study of the advanced foreign cybersecurity technology and concepts so takes a significant impact on developing our own technology and application.At present,cybersecurity technology is still dominated by European and American countries.Therefore,it is worth discussing of the translation of cybersecurity science and technology literatures,as well as the problems involved in.In consideration of that the cybersecurity literatures usually are not purely technical information,often mixed with other communicative and vocative functional contents at the same time,the author carries out a preliminary research and exploration into the cybersecurity literature characteristics and translation skills with the assistance of Newmark’s text typology theory.A majority of the source materials involved in this report are derived from the published reports which are available on various authoritative foreign websites in this field.Newmark’s text typology theory is applicable to informative texts.In his book entitled Approaches to Translation and published in 1981,Newmark for the first time put forward the concepts of ’semantic translation and communicative translation’(Newmark,1981:12):semantic translation concentrates on the transfer of semantic content of the original text,and communicative translation focuses on the comprehension and response of the readers.The purpose of this study is to explore the appropriate translation method for cybersecurity literature.By analyzing and studying the specific issues during the translation process,the author tries to explore some effective translation methods for such text,which should be conducive to promote the development of the translation practice and study in this field.The author studies the translation of cybersecurity information texts from four steps:pre-translation preparation,theoretical knowledge learning,translation process,review and feedback,and post-translation summary.The first chapter of the report makes an introduction of the research background,purpose,significance,and structure of this report Chapter Two describes the relative work done by the author,including translation preparation,the course of translation,and translation summary.In the stage of translation preparation,the author attempts to explore the linguistic features of cybersecurity texts and take a brief introduction of the theoretical content adopted in the report.The plan,tools,and resources of translation used in the report are also explained in this stage.In the stage of translation,the relationship between comprehension,expression and translation quality is analyzed.In the post-translation summary stage,it is necessary to review and revise the translation text according to the feedback from the task provider.Chapter Three is the introduction to the theoretical basis.It mainly introduces three major text types of Newmark’s text typology theory.The translation methods of semantic and communicative in Newmark’s theory are emphasized through comparison.Chapter Four is the case study.With the perspective of linguistics,this chapter discusses the application of semantic and communicative translation in practice through the analysis of translation examples,and tries to summarize the comprehensive translation methods adopted in the literature translation of cybersecurity technology.Chapter Five reviews the origin of the translation practice and draws the conclusions to the value,significance,final findings,and deficiencies of the study.The research founds that scientific literatures are highly professional text with clear objectives.Therefore,the translator is expected to clarify the main content of the article,that is,the issues discussed by the article,at the first time before starting the translation,to ensure that the overall style and the expression of the translated text are consistent with the nature of the original text.Secondly,the translated literatures on cybersecurity are all not purely technical introduction and analyses,but through the description and analyses of actual events or problems in life to illustrate the author’s writing intention and purpose.Such strategies make the article more readable and easily understandable with the complex knowledge and technologies in cybersecurity,which plays an important role to spread knowledge and technologies of cybersecurity.Therefore,from the perspective of translation,the translator needs to fully understand the functional characteristics of the text type,and apply proper semantic or communicative translation methods according to the reception psychology of the audience,so as to successfully complete the translation task.