Comparative Study On The Grammatical Functions Of "Zheyang" And "Zheme"

"Zheyang(??)/Zheme(??)" is a pair of referential words with similar functions and meanings in modern Chinese.In this paper,we analyze the difference between "Zheyang/Zheme" from the perspective of synchronic and diachronic.The diachronic aspect provides a perspective for the synchronic aspect through the investigation of the development of "ZheyanglZheme".For the attributive functions of "ZheyanglZheme",we hold that the appearance of the word "de(?)" reflects the essential differences between them.By summarizing the existing researches on the appearance of "de",we acquire that "referen tial functions" can combine the appearance of "de" with the difference between"Zheyang" and "Zheme",and thus we obtain the key point and basic ideas of this part.Firstly,the article investigates the syntactic environment and distribution of"Zheyang/Zheme",and concludes that the relation between "Zheyang/Zheme" and"identifiable/nonidentifiable" shows a Skewed Relations;And based on the summary of existing researches,we also found the relation between "generic/individual" and "identifiable/nonidentifiable" shows Skewed Relations,too.Comparing the two kinds of relations,we can conclude that Skewed Relations exist between "Zheyang/Zheme" and "identifiable/nonidentifiable",this kind of relationship can provide us with a point of view upon the complex attributive functions.As for the adverbial function of "Zheyang/Zheme" we take this as the starting point,focus on the difference in the selection of negative words "bu(?)/mei(?)",and apply with "shi(?)/you(?)" and "bounded/unbounded”to make a cognitive explanation.In general,"Zheyang/Zheme" used as an attribute shows a discrete quantity,so we use "mei" instead of "bu" When "Zheyang" is used as a predicate,"Zheyang" is often used as a narrative predicate with a nature of Perfectives,which also represents a discrete quantity,so we tend to negative with "mei";When "Zheyang/Zheme" are used as an adverb,the selection of negative words is directly related to the modified compositions.As for the research on subject function and diachronic study,due to the limited materials,the main work of this part is descriptivism,and based on that,the possible interpretation towards these phenomena are predicted,which lay a foundat ion for the subsequent researches.In addition to the theoretical analysis,the article also summarizes part of the experience from that part,tries to provide a new way of thinking for Chinese teaching in middle schools.