The Theory And Practice Of Lexical Hierarchy Research

The study of Chinese historical vocabulary is an important aspect of the study of Chinese history.Academic circles have made fruitful achievements in the textual research of vocabulary facts,combing and exploring the theory of vocabulary methodology.However,there is still a lack of clarity and systematic cognition in theory and practice about what the basic unit of vocabulary research should be,whether the members of vocabulary in language are on the same plane,whether vocabulary should be studied at different levels instead of "cooking in one pot",how to practice the study of vocabulary at different levels,the necessity of the study of vocabulary at different levels and what is the value and significance of the study of vocabulary at different levels.This paper chooses 10 groups of human body morphemes and their constituent words in Genbenshuo Yiqieyoubu Pinaiye(hereinafter referred to as "Penaiye")translated by YiJing(635-713),a prominent monk of the Tang Dynasty,as an example,to carry out a hierarchical study of ancient Chinese vocabulary,quantitatively and qualitatively describing and investigating the two levels of vocabulary of Penaiye,namely,morpheme level,word level,in terms of its appearance,structure,characteristics and structure.Value,as well as the relationship between morpheme level and word level,in order to explore the necessity,method and value of lexical hierarchy in ancient Chinese,and provide methodological and theoretical references and basic descriptive materials for the study of Chinese historical lexicology.The article is divided into five parts.The first part is the introduction,which explains the reasons for choosing this topic,research objectives,theories and ideas,and related explanations.Among them,the basic units of vocabulary research should be treated at different levels,morphemes and words are units at different levels,and vocabulary research should be carried out at different levels.The second part is "Yi Jing and Genbenshuo Yiqieyoubu Pinaiye.It introduces the author of the selectedcorpus,the linguistic characteristics of the literature,the value of the corpus and so on,and summarizes the linguistic research status of Penaiye.The main body of this paper is the third and fourth parts.The third part is "the morpheme level and word level of Penaiye".Five groups of human body noun morphemes and their constituent words,as well as five groups of human body movement morphemes and their constituent words,are selected to describe and analyze their features,structures,characteristics and values,and then try to discuss the role and influence of the morpheme level on the word level.Specific methods are as follows: first,describe the combination and collocation of each group of morphemes,the syntactic components and the frequency of each group in Penaiye,to explore the appearance of morphemes;then analyze the systematic value and characteristics of each group of morphemes in its conceptual field,to explore the value of morphemes:this belongs to the study of morpheme level.Secondly,it describes the word-formation of each group of morphemes in Penaiye,including the structure,number,frequency,meaning and semantic attributes of each group of constituent words,that is,the appearance,structure and characteristics of each group of constituent words.Then it further analyses the word-formation characteristics of each group of morphemes: this belongs to the study of word level.Finally,combined with the above description and analysis,the influence of the systematic value and characteristics of each group of morphemes on the characteristics of its participation in the construction of polysyllabic words and the influence on its constituent words is discussed: this belongs to the combination of morpheme level and word level.The fourth part is the lexical hierarchy research.Based on the description and analysis of the above-mentioned morpheme and word levels,the necessity,method and value of lexical stratification are discussed.The fifth part is the conclusion,which summarizes this article's research and analyses the problems in the research.Finally,appendix and references.The conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)Lexical members are not at the same level,the lowest level is the morpheme level,followed by the word level,while words are the elements of other lexical members(idioms,etc.).So vocabularyresearch should be carried out at different levels,which can be divided into morpheme level and word level.(2)It is necessary to divide vocabulary into morpheme level and word level.They have different research methods and perspectives,so they have different research value and significance.(3)To study vocabulary hierarchically and systematically from the bottom to the top has the advantages of clear hierarchy,clear and specific tasks and high operational differentiation.In particular,the study of morpheme level is particularly important: because the number of morphemes is limited,and the number of words is infinite(we can create more words in the future by using existing morphemes according to certain word-building methods).A clear study of morpheme level,based on which we can study other levels of vocabulary,can achieve the effect of simplicity and systematicness.