Drought In Henan From 1936 To 1937 And Its Treatment

Henan,called zhongzhou in ancient times,is one of the cradles of Chinese civilization.In addition,the development of this region has a long history,and the intensity and scale are more than other regions in the same period,so since the song dynasty,the ecological system of this region has been gradually out of balance,and from then on,it gets out of control and becomes worse and worse in the later period.Especially in the late qing dynasty,every year henan suffered from drought,flood,hail,earthquake,locust,wind,fire,frost and other disasters.However,in the period of the republic of China,the frequent disasters did not slow down,but even worse.At the same time,henan people also need to deal with the impact of warlord,banditry,corruption,social unrest.At that time,the government of the republic of China was often weak in disaster prevention and relief,which further contributed to the severity of the disaster.Therefore,based on the above factors,the drought in henan province from 1936 to 1937 is selected as a typical case,and the general situation,causes,effects and countermeasures of the drought are analyzed,hoping to learn from history to serve the socialist modernization.The first part mainly introduces the general appearance of the drought in henan province,and also summarizes the spatial and temporal characteristics of the drought,that is,the cyclical law of the drought and waterlogging cycle and the four seasons of continuous drought,forming three categories of severe disasters,secondary severe disasters and minor disasters.In addition,the paper also discusses many secondary disasters caused by drought,such as the rampant epidemic of insect pests and epidemic diseases.In addition,it also summarizes the prominent intersection of disasters,that is,flood,earthquake,fire,wind,hail burst together.The second part mainly explains the natural and social factors that caused the drought.The former is mainly analyzed from temperature,precipitation and typical topography such as eastern henan plain,western henan hilly land and southern henan basin.The latter is summarized from two aspects:the waste of forestry work and the lag of water conservancy facilities.The third part mainly combs the impact of the drought in henan,namely economic recession and social unrest.The economic recession includes the following aspects:the reduction of agricultural production and livestock,the soaring prices of agricultural products,commercial depression and the sharp decline of sideline production.The social unrest is mainly reflected in the following aspects:a large number of people died,farmers were overburdened,refugees and refugees were seriously displaced,hungry people were rushing for food,and social morality collapsed.The fourth part mainly discusses the response to the drought in henan province from the perspective of the government and the perspective of the people.The response of the government of the republic of China is reflected in disaster relief and disaster prevention.Generally involve urgent relief from the perspective of the-government disaster relief,regulation of millet,agricultural credit,cash,exempt from tax payment,pesticides,and rid the disaster.The disaster prevention of the government focuses on warehousing,water conservancy,forestry and other aspects.In addition,folk disaster relief mainly includes two levels,namely the domestic level and the international level.At the domestic level,it mainly shows the assistance role of charities such as China relief association,China Salesian society,Red Cross society and Shanghai charity federation,as well as the domestic political,economic,military,religious,cultural and ordinary people.And the international level is highlighted in overseas Chinese overseas Chinese funding and international community assistance.