Researches About The Politics And Diplomacy Of Lebanon Under The Double Perspectives Of Nation And Religion (1943-1991)

Lebanon is an Arab state composed by Christians and Muslims.In terms of regime,Lebanon belongs to sectarian decentralization.In this kind of political system,all denominations ignore the national interest for their sectarian interests.So it has caused the frequent conflicts and social instability of country chronically.In addition,because of external forces’ interventions to the domestic affairs,Lebanon’s diplomacy has been difficult to be independent.And it usually be involved into regional conflicts.It can be seen that since the country established in 1943,Lebanon has many difficulties in politics and diplomacy.This situation is the result of national and religious elements.The national elements are represented by Arab nationalism and Syrian nationalism.The religious elements are closely related to the disadvantages of sectarian politics.Neither of them is indispensable.Therefore,on the one hand,Lebanon should get rid of the bondages by Arab nationalism and Syrian nationalism;on the other hand,Lebanon need to finish the transform of sectarian political system to party politics.Then it can solve the problems in politics and diplomacy fundamentally and make itself develop in all aspects.Now because of many subjective and objective factors,these measures are still difficult to be put into practice.Complex national and religious conflicts have led to a serious and durable civil war in Lebanon in April 1975.After negotiating,denominations have made a treaty in October 1989,which named Taif Agreement,to ease off the conflicts.But the inherent conflicts in Lebanon have not yet been fundamentally resolved.In 1991,The Second Republic of Lebanon has established,but the elements which affect the stability of country still exist.