| The Northern Wei was the first regime which had been established in the Yellow River basin by ethnic minorities and exsited for more than 100 years.In the 149 years of its existence,Pingcheng was regarded as its capital city for 96 years.During these 96 years,Pingcheng had happened twice severe famines and have an far-reaching influence.There is no research based on analyzing complex social background in academia.There is no doubt that natural disasters are the direct cause of grain production.However,two natural disasters affect the extent of the scope differently,therefore factor of natural disasters influenced differently.Comparing to these two famines,the natural disaster has different effects obviously on scale,length and consequece.The second Year of Shenrui was at the bottom period of the whole natural disasters in the Northern Wei Dynasty.However,the eleventh year of Taihe is in the peak.It is not reasonable to take natural disaster as the key factor of two famines.In addition to,there were 70 years between these two famines.During that period of time,Pingcheng had several large-scale immigration when Emperor Taiwu(Tuoba Tao)was in power.There was a big different in population and ethnic minority structure between two famines.The population in the second year of Shenrui was less more than it corresponding in the eleventh year.So,different population caused the diversity influence on two famine.Meanwhile,the change of ethnic composition led to corresponding grain demand difference.At the same time,famine and economic production is inseparable.When Emperor Xiaowen was not possible to maintain economic situation by plundering.After enforcement of Land Equalization Policy,main agricultural production areas have suffered by natural disasters.The main agricultural production areas cannot provide rent,badly they had to rely on the central finance.Besides,turmoil in the early years of the Northern Wei Dynasty effected the social order.In addition to,the disadvantage of regulation structure affected the agricultural production.Therefore,two natural disasters are happened under the influence of the comprehensive factors,and the influence extend of concrete factors had effected differently. |
