The Research On Marx's Philosophical Critique Of Proudhon's Thought In The Poverty Of Philosophy

The Poverty of Philosophy is an important text in the history of the development of Marxism.New world outlook of Marxism and the "decisive" aspect of Marxism economic science are publicly available for the first time through the text.Proudhon is a famous socialist in France at that time,who has tried to change the present situation of the poor workers.But he is stuck in the petty-bourgeoisie in the mentality,which even has a very negative impact on the labour movement.Together with the refutation of the revolutionary theory of Marx and Engels and the assertion of the validity of his theory make Marx have to put down the job at hand to argue with Proudhon.Before the publication of the Poverty of Philosophy,Marx has a complex relationship with Proudhon.When the theory of Proudhon enters into the sight of Marx,the evaluation of Proudhon is throughout almost the Marx's whole life,which contains the high praise of Proudhon,the disagreement and breaking up with Proudhon,which has given rise to the Poverty of Philosophy on thought.Proudhon wants to build a better theoretical system than Hegel and the capitalist economist.But Proudhon imitates their theories in the way of metaphysics and idealism.Marx reveals these problems in the Poverty of Philosophy.First of all,on the precondition of philosophy,Proudhon sets the ideal of the common sense to study the society,which can be found Hegel's absolute idea and the bourgeois political economics "isolated individual".But Proudhon doesn't study these theories well and uses them in a simple and wrong way.Therefore,Marx uses the "realistic individual" as a theoretical weapon to criticize the nature of the wrong philosophical premise of Proudhon.Second,Proudhon creates the dialectics of series by imitating Hegel's dialectics,but he separates the inner link of the contradiction and breaks up the dialectical movement,therefore the dialectical movement stops.Ultimately Proudhon betrays the dialectics.Moreover,Proudhon uses the product of private ownership to reform economics.So he becomes the defenders of capitalism,just like bourgeois political economists.And Marx uses the historical dialectics to make a vigorous critique of the philosophical method of Proudhon.The premise and method of philosophy,to a certain extent,determine the philosophical purport of Proudhon.The purport of philosophy of Proudhon has been committed to looking for a formula to solve the social problem,which is the value.He eventually resorts to the improvement of the economic to achieve the social improvement.While Marx believes that we can achieve the real change of the society only through the thorough revolution.Proudhon starts from the concept to research the society,which can't really grasp the reality of the society.And he can't surpass the scope of alienation.Therefore he can not achieve the real achievement.First of all,by the philosophical critique of Proudhon in the Poverty of Philosophy,Marx elucidates the opinion of the historical materialism which is formed during the period of the "German ideology" and uses it to criticize Proudhon.Secondly,Marx finds out the new basis of the critical theory of society from the perspective of reality rather than philosophy.Finally,through the critique of Proudhon,Marx also first outlines the importance and necessity of the "decisive" argument of the revolutionary movement of the working class.